中华人民共和国公司法

（1993年12月29日第八届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第五次会议通过 根据1999年12月25日第九届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十三次会议《关于修改〈中华人民共和国公司法〉的决定》第一次修正 根据2004年8月28日第十届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十一次会议《关于修改〈中华人民共和国公司法〉的决定》第二次修正 2005年10月27日第十届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十八次会议第一次修订 根据2013年12月28日第十二届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第六次会议《关于修改〈中华人民共和国海洋环境保护法〉等七部法律的决定》第三次修正 根据2018年10月26日第十三届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第六次会议《关于修改〈中华人民共和国公司法〉的决定》第四次修正 2023年12月29日第十四届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第七次会议第二次修订）

目　　录

　　第一章　总　　则

　　第二章　公司登记

　　第三章　有限责任公司的设立和组织机构

　　　　第一节　设　　立

　　　　第二节　组织机构

　　第四章　有限责任公司的股权转让

　　第五章　股份有限公司的设立和组织机构

　　　　第一节　设　　立

　　　　第二节　股 东 会

　　　　第三节　董事会、经理

　　　　第四节　监 事 会

　　　　第五节　上市公司组织机构的特别规定

　　第六章　股份有限公司的股份发行和转让

　　　　第一节　股份发行

　　　　第二节　股份转让

　　第七章　国家出资公司组织机构的特别规定

　　第八章　公司董事、监事、高级管理人员的资格和义务

　　第九章　公司债券

　　第十章　公司财务、会计

　　第十一章　公司合并、分立、增资、减资

　　第十二章　公司解散和清算

　　第十三章　外国公司的分支机构

　　第十四章　法律责任

　　第十五章　附　　则

第一章　总　　则

　　第一条　为了规范公司的组织和行为，保护公司、股东、职工和债权人的合法权益，完善中国特色现代企业制度，弘扬企业家精神，维护社会经济秩序，促进社会主义市场经济的发展，根据宪法，制定本法。

　　第二条　本法所称公司，是指依照本法在中华人民共和国境内设立的有限责任公司和股份有限公司。

　　第三条　公司是企业法人，有独立的法人财产，享有法人财产权。公司以其全部财产对公司的债务承担责任。

　　公司的合法权益受法律保护，不受侵犯。

　　第四条　有限责任公司的股东以其认缴的出资额为限对公司承担责任；股份有限公司的股东以其认购的股份为限对公司承担责任。

　　公司股东对公司依法享有资产收益、参与重大决策和选择管理者等权利。

　　第五条　设立公司应当依法制定公司章程。公司章程对公司、股东、董事、监事、高级管理人员具有约束力。

　　第六条　公司应当有自己的名称。公司名称应当符合国家有关规定。

　　公司的名称权受法律保护。

　　第七条　依照本法设立的有限责任公司，应当在公司名称中标明有限责任公司或者有限公司字样。

　　依照本法设立的股份有限公司，应当在公司名称中标明股份有限公司或者股份公司字样。

　　第八条　公司以其主要办事机构所在地为住所。

　　第九条　公司的经营范围由公司章程规定。公司可以修改公司章程，变更经营范围。

　　公司的经营范围中属于法律、行政法规规定须经批准的项目，应当依法经过批准。

　　第十条　公司的法定代表人按照公司章程的规定，由代表公司执行公司事务的董事或者经理担任。

　　担任法定代表人的董事或者经理辞任的，视为同时辞去法定代表人。

　　法定代表人辞任的，公司应当在法定代表人辞任之日起三十日内确定新的法定代表人。

　　第十一条　法定代表人以公司名义从事的民事活动，其法律后果由公司承受。

　　公司章程或者股东会对法定代表人职权的限制，不得对抗善意相对人。

　　法定代表人因执行职务造成他人损害的，由公司承担民事责任。公司承担民事责任后，依照法律或者公司章程的规定，可以向有过错的法定代表人追偿。

　　第十二条　有限责任公司变更为股份有限公司，应当符合本法规定的股份有限公司的条件。股份有限公司变更为有限责任公司，应当符合本法规定的有限责任公司的条件。

　　有限责任公司变更为股份有限公司的，或者股份有限公司变更为有限责任公司的，公司变更前的债权、债务由变更后的公司承继。

　　第十三条　公司可以设立子公司。子公司具有法人资格，依法独立承担民事责任。

　　公司可以设立分公司。分公司不具有法人资格，其民事责任由公司承担。

　　第十四条　公司可以向其他企业投资。

　　法律规定公司不得成为对所投资企业的债务承担连带责任的出资人的，从其规定。

　　第十五条　公司向其他企业投资或者为他人提供担保，按照公司章程的规定，由董事会或者股东会决议；公司章程对投资或者担保的总额及单项投资或者担保的数额有限额规定的，不得超过规定的限额。

　　公司为公司股东或者实际控制人提供担保的，应当经股东会决议。

　　前款规定的股东或者受前款规定的实际控制人支配的股东，不得参加前款规定事项的表决。该项表决由出席会议的其他股东所持表决权的过半数通过。

　　第十六条　公司应当保护职工的合法权益，依法与职工签订劳动合同，参加社会保险，加强劳动保护，实现安全生产。

　　公司应当采用多种形式，加强公司职工的职业教育和岗位培训，提高职工素质。

　　第十七条　公司职工依照《中华人民共和国工会法》组织工会，开展工会活动，维护职工合法权益。公司应当为本公司工会提供必要的活动条件。公司工会代表职工就职工的劳动报酬、工作时间、休息休假、劳动安全卫生和保险福利等事项依法与公司签订集体合同。

　　公司依照宪法和有关法律的规定，建立健全以职工代表大会为基本形式的民主管理制度，通过职工代表大会或者其他形式，实行民主管理。

　　公司研究决定改制、解散、申请破产以及经营方面的重大问题、制定重要的规章制度时，应当听取公司工会的意见，并通过职工代表大会或者其他形式听取职工的意见和建议。

　　第十八条　在公司中，根据中国共产党章程的规定，设立中国共产党的组织，开展党的活动。公司应当为党组织的活动提供必要条件。

　　第十九条　公司从事经营活动，应当遵守法律法规，遵守社会公德、商业道德，诚实守信，接受政府和社会公众的监督。

　　第二十条　公司从事经营活动，应当充分考虑公司职工、消费者等利益相关者的利益以及生态环境保护等社会公共利益，承担社会责任。

　　国家鼓励公司参与社会公益活动，公布社会责任报告。

　　第二十一条　公司股东应当遵守法律、行政法规和公司章程，依法行使股东权利，不得滥用股东权利损害公司或者其他股东的利益。

　　公司股东滥用股东权利给公司或者其他股东造成损失的，应当承担赔偿责任。

　　第二十二条　公司的控股股东、实际控制人、董事、监事、高级管理人员不得利用关联关系损害公司利益。

　　违反前款规定，给公司造成损失的，应当承担赔偿责任。

　　第二十三条　公司股东滥用公司法人独立地位和股东有限责任，逃避债务，严重损害公司债权人利益的，应当对公司债务承担连带责任。

　　股东利用其控制的两个以上公司实施前款规定行为的，各公司应当对任一公司的债务承担连带责任。

　　只有一个股东的公司，股东不能证明公司财产独立于股东自己的财产的，应当对公司债务承担连带责任。

　　第二十四条　公司股东会、董事会、监事会召开会议和表决可以采用电子通信方式，公司章程另有规定的除外。

　　第二十五条　公司股东会、董事会的决议内容违反法律、行政法规的无效。

　　第二十六条　公司股东会、董事会的会议召集程序、表决方式违反法律、行政法规或者公司章程，或者决议内容违反公司章程的，股东自决议作出之日起六十日内，可以请求人民法院撤销。但是，股东会、董事会的会议召集程序或者表决方式仅有轻微瑕疵，对决议未产生实质影响的除外。

　　未被通知参加股东会会议的股东自知道或者应当知道股东会决议作出之日起六十日内，可以请求人民法院撤销；自决议作出之日起一年内没有行使撤销权的，撤销权消灭。

　　第二十七条　有下列情形之一的，公司股东会、董事会的决议不成立：

　　（一）未召开股东会、董事会会议作出决议；

　　（二）股东会、董事会会议未对决议事项进行表决；

　　（三）出席会议的人数或者所持表决权数未达到本法或者公司章程规定的人数或者所持表决权数；

　　（四）同意决议事项的人数或者所持表决权数未达到本法或者公司章程规定的人数或者所持表决权数。

　　第二十八条　公司股东会、董事会决议被人民法院宣告无效、撤销或者确认不成立的，公司应当向公司登记机关申请撤销根据该决议已办理的登记。

　　股东会、董事会决议被人民法院宣告无效、撤销或者确认不成立的，公司根据该决议与善意相对人形成的民事法律关系不受影响。

　　第二章　　公司登记

　　第二十九条　设立公司，应当依法向公司登记机关申请设立登记。

　　法律、行政法规规定设立公司必须报经批准的，应当在公司登记前依法办理批准手续。

　　第三十条　申请设立公司，应当提交设立登记申请书、公司章程等文件，提交的相关材料应当真实、合法和有效。

　　申请材料不齐全或者不符合法定形式的，公司登记机关应当一次性告知需要补正的材料。

　　第三十一条　申请设立公司，符合本法规定的设立条件的，由公司登记机关分别登记为有限责任公司或者股份有限公司；不符合本法规定的设立条件的，不得登记为有限责任公司或者股份有限公司。

　　第三十二条　公司登记事项包括：

　　（一）名称；

　　（二）住所；

　　（三）注册资本；

　　（四）经营范围；

　　（五）法定代表人的姓名；

　　（六）有限责任公司股东、股份有限公司发起人的姓名或者名称。

　　公司登记机关应当将前款规定的公司登记事项通过国家企业信用信息公示系统向社会公示。

　　第三十三条　依法设立的公司，由公司登记机关发给公司营业执照。公司营业执照签发日期为公司成立日期。

　　公司营业执照应当载明公司的名称、住所、注册资本、经营范围、法定代表人姓名等事项。

　　公司登记机关可以发给电子营业执照。电子营业执照与纸质营业执照具有同等法律效力。

　　第三十四条　公司登记事项发生变更的，应当依法办理变更登记。

　　公司登记事项未经登记或者未经变更登记，不得对抗善意相对人。

　　第三十五条　公司申请变更登记，应当向公司登记机关提交公司法定代表人签署的变更登记申请书、依法作出的变更决议或者决定等文件。

　　公司变更登记事项涉及修改公司章程的，应当提交修改后的公司章程。

　　公司变更法定代表人的，变更登记申请书由变更后的法定代表人签署。

　　第三十六条　公司营业执照记载的事项发生变更的，公司办理变更登记后，由公司登记机关换发营业执照。

　　第三十七条　公司因解散、被宣告破产或者其他法定事由需要终止的，应当依法向公司登记机关申请注销登记，由公司登记机关公告公司终止。

　　第三十八条　公司设立分公司，应当向公司登记机关申请登记，领取营业执照。

　　第三十九条　虚报注册资本、提交虚假材料或者采取其他欺诈手段隐瞒重要事实取得公司设立登记的，公司登记机关应当依照法律、行政法规的规定予以撤销。

　　第四十条　公司应当按照规定通过国家企业信用信息公示系统公示下列事项：

　　（一）有限责任公司股东认缴和实缴的出资额、出资方式和出资日期，股份有限公司发起人认购的股份数；

　　（二）有限责任公司股东、股份有限公司发起人的股权、股份变更信息；

　　（三）行政许可取得、变更、注销等信息；

　　（四）法律、行政法规规定的其他信息。

　　公司应当确保前款公示信息真实、准确、完整。

　　第四十一条　公司登记机关应当优化公司登记办理流程，提高公司登记效率，加强信息化建设，推行网上办理等便捷方式，提升公司登记便利化水平。

　　国务院市场监督管理部门根据本法和有关法律、行政法规的规定，制定公司登记注册的具体办法。

　　第三章　有限责任公司的设立和组织机构

第一节　设立

　　第四十二条　有限责任公司由一个以上五十个以下股东出资设立。

　　第四十三条　有限责任公司设立时的股东可以签订设立协议，明确各自在公司设立过程中的权利和义务。

　　第四十四条　有限责任公司设立时的股东为设立公司从事的民事活动，其法律后果由公司承受。

　　公司未成立的，其法律后果由公司设立时的股东承受；设立时的股东为二人以上的，享有连带债权，承担连带债务。

　　设立时的股东为设立公司以自己的名义从事民事活动产生的民事责任，第三人有权选择请求公司或者公司设立时的股东承担。

　　设立时的股东因履行公司设立职责造成他人损害的，公司或者无过错的股东承担赔偿责任后，可以向有过错的股东追偿。

　　第四十五条　设立有限责任公司，应当由股东共同制定公司章程。

　　第四十六条　有限责任公司章程应当载明下列事项：

　　（一）公司名称和住所；

　　（二）公司经营范围；

　　（三）公司注册资本；

　　（四）股东的姓名或者名称；

　　（五）股东的出资额、出资方式和出资日期；

　　（六）公司的机构及其产生办法、职权、议事规则；

　　（七）公司法定代表人的产生、变更办法；

　　（八）股东会认为需要规定的其他事项。

　　股东应当在公司章程上签名或者盖章。

　　第四十七条　有限责任公司的注册资本为在公司登记机关登记的全体股东认缴的出资额。全体股东认缴的出资额由股东按照公司章程的规定自公司成立之日起五年内缴足。

　　法律、行政法规以及国务院决定对有限责任公司注册资本实缴、注册资本最低限额、股东出资期限另有规定的，从其规定。

　　第四十八条　股东可以用货币出资，也可以用实物、知识产权、土地使用权、股权、债权等可以用货币估价并可以依法转让的非货币财产作价出资；但是，法律、行政法规规定不得作为出资的财产除外。

　　对作为出资的非货币财产应当评估作价，核实财产，不得高估或者低估作价。法律、行政法规对评估作价有规定的，从其规定。

　　第四十九条　股东应当按期足额缴纳公司章程规定的各自所认缴的出资额。

　　股东以货币出资的，应当将货币出资足额存入有限责任公司在银行开设的账户；以非货币财产出资的，应当依法办理其财产权的转移手续。

　　股东未按期足额缴纳出资的，除应当向公司足额缴纳外，还应当对给公司造成的损失承担赔偿责任。

　　第五十条　有限责任公司设立时，股东未按照公司章程规定实际缴纳出资，或者实际出资的非货币财产的实际价额显著低于所认缴的出资额的，设立时的其他股东与该股东在出资不足的范围内承担连带责任。

　　第五十一条　有限责任公司成立后，董事会应当对股东的出资情况进行核查，发现股东未按期足额缴纳公司章程规定的出资的，应当由公司向该股东发出书面催缴书，催缴出资。

　　未及时履行前款规定的义务，给公司造成损失的，负有责任的董事应当承担赔偿责任。

　　第五十二条　股东未按照公司章程规定的出资日期缴纳出资，公司依照前条第一款规定发出书面催缴书催缴出资的，可以载明缴纳出资的宽限期；宽限期自公司发出催缴书之日起，不得少于六十日。宽限期届满，股东仍未履行出资义务的，公司经董事会决议可以向该股东发出失权通知，通知应当以书面形式发出。自通知发出之日起，该股东丧失其未缴纳出资的股权。

　　依照前款规定丧失的股权应当依法转让，或者相应减少注册资本并注销该股权；六个月内未转让或者注销的，由公司其他股东按照其出资比例足额缴纳相应出资。

　　股东对失权有异议的，应当自接到失权通知之日起三十日内，向人民法院提起诉讼。

　　第五十三条　公司成立后，股东不得抽逃出资。

　　违反前款规定的，股东应当返还抽逃的出资；给公司造成损失的，负有责任的董事、监事、高级管理人员应当与该股东承担连带赔偿责任。

　　第五十四条　公司不能清偿到期债务的，公司或者已到期债权的债权人有权要求已认缴出资但未届出资期限的股东提前缴纳出资。

　　第五十五条　有限责任公司成立后，应当向股东签发出资证明书，记载下列事项：

　　（一）公司名称；

　　（二）公司成立日期；

　　（三）公司注册资本；

　　（四）股东的姓名或者名称、认缴和实缴的出资额、出资方式和出资日期；

　　（五）出资证明书的编号和核发日期。

　　出资证明书由法定代表人签名，并由公司盖章。

　　第五十六条　有限责任公司应当置备股东名册，记载下列事项：

　　（一）股东的姓名或者名称及住所；

　　（二）股东认缴和实缴的出资额、出资方式和出资日期；

　　（三）出资证明书编号；

　　（四）取得和丧失股东资格的日期。

　　记载于股东名册的股东，可以依股东名册主张行使股东权利。

　　第五十七条　股东有权查阅、复制公司章程、股东名册、股东会会议记录、董事会会议决议、监事会会议决议和财务会计报告。

　　股东可以要求查阅公司会计账簿、会计凭证。股东要求查阅公司会计账簿、会计凭证的，应当向公司提出书面请求，说明目的。公司有合理根据认为股东查阅会计账簿、会计凭证有不正当目的，可能损害公司合法利益的，可以拒绝提供查阅，并应当自股东提出书面请求之日起十五日内书面答复股东并说明理由。公司拒绝提供查阅的，股东可以向人民法院提起诉讼。

　　股东查阅前款规定的材料，可以委托会计师事务所、律师事务所等中介机构进行。

　　股东及其委托的会计师事务所、律师事务所等中介机构查阅、复制有关材料，应当遵守有关保护国家秘密、商业秘密、个人隐私、个人信息等法律、行政法规的规定。

　　股东要求查阅、复制公司全资子公司相关材料的，适用前四款的规定。

　　第二节　组织机构

　　第五十八条　有限责任公司股东会由全体股东组成。股东会是公司的权力机构，依照本法行使职权。

　　第五十九条　股东会行使下列职权：

　　（一）选举和更换董事、监事，决定有关董事、监事的报酬事项；

　　（二）审议批准董事会的报告；

　　（三）审议批准监事会的报告；

　　（四）审议批准公司的利润分配方案和弥补亏损方案；

　　（五）对公司增加或者减少注册资本作出决议；

　　（六）对发行公司债券作出决议；

　　（七）对公司合并、分立、解散、清算或者变更公司形式作出决议；

　　（八）修改公司章程；

　　（九）公司章程规定的其他职权。

　　股东会可以授权董事会对发行公司债券作出决议。

　　对本条第一款所列事项股东以书面形式一致表示同意的，可以不召开股东会会议，直接作出决定，并由全体股东在决定文件上签名或者盖章。

　　第六十条　只有一个股东的有限责任公司不设股东会。股东作出前条第一款所列事项的决定时，应当采用书面形式，并由股东签名或者盖章后置备于公司。

　　第六十一条　首次股东会会议由出资最多的股东召集和主持，依照本法规定行使职权。

　　第六十二条　股东会会议分为定期会议和临时会议。

　　定期会议应当按照公司章程的规定按时召开。代表十分之一以上表决权的股东、三分之一以上的董事或者监事会提议召开临时会议的，应当召开临时会议。

　　第六十三条　股东会会议由董事会召集，董事长主持；董事长不能履行职务或者不履行职务的，由副董事长主持；副董事长不能履行职务或者不履行职务的，由过半数的董事共同推举一名董事主持。

　　董事会不能履行或者不履行召集股东会会议职责的，由监事会召集和主持；监事会不召集和主持的，代表十分之一以上表决权的股东可以自行召集和主持。

　　第六十四条　召开股东会会议，应当于会议召开十五日前通知全体股东；但是，公司章程另有规定或者全体股东另有约定的除外。

　　股东会应当对所议事项的决定作成会议记录，出席会议的股东应当在会议记录上签名或者盖章。

　　第六十五条　股东会会议由股东按照出资比例行使表决权；但是，公司章程另有规定的除外。

　　第六十六条　股东会的议事方式和表决程序，除本法有规定的外，由公司章程规定。

　　股东会作出决议，应当经代表过半数表决权的股东通过。

　　股东会作出修改公司章程、增加或者减少注册资本的决议，以及公司合并、分立、解散或者变更公司形式的决议，应当经代表三分之二以上表决权的股东通过。

　　第六十七条　有限责任公司设董事会，本法第七十五条另有规定的除外。

　　董事会行使下列职权：

　　（一）召集股东会会议，并向股东会报告工作；

　　（二）执行股东会的决议；

　　（三）决定公司的经营计划和投资方案；

　　（四）制订公司的利润分配方案和弥补亏损方案；

　　（五）制订公司增加或者减少注册资本以及发行公司债券的方案；

　　（六）制订公司合并、分立、解散或者变更公司形式的方案；

　　（七）决定公司内部管理机构的设置；

　　（八）决定聘任或者解聘公司经理及其报酬事项，并根据经理的提名决定聘任或者解聘公司副经理、财务负责人及其报酬事项；

　　（九）制定公司的基本管理制度；

　　（十）公司章程规定或者股东会授予的其他职权。

　　公司章程对董事会职权的限制不得对抗善意相对人。

　　第六十八条　有限责任公司董事会成员为三人以上，其成员中可以有公司职工代表。职工人数三百人以上的有限责任公司，除依法设监事会并有公司职工代表的外，其董事会成员中应当有公司职工代表。董事会中的职工代表由公司职工通过职工代表大会、职工大会或者其他形式民主选举产生。

　　董事会设董事长一人，可以设副董事长。董事长、副董事长的产生办法由公司章程规定。

　　第六十九条　有限责任公司可以按照公司章程的规定在董事会中设置由董事组成的审计委员会，行使本法规定的监事会的职权，不设监事会或者监事。公司董事会成员中的职工代表可以成为审计委员会成员。

　　第七十条　董事任期由公司章程规定，但每届任期不得超过三年。董事任期届满，连选可以连任。

　　董事任期届满未及时改选，或者董事在任期内辞任导致董事会成员低于法定人数的，在改选出的董事就任前，原董事仍应当依照法律、行政法规和公司章程的规定，履行董事职务。

　　董事辞任的，应当以书面形式通知公司，公司收到通知之日辞任生效，但存在前款规定情形的，董事应当继续履行职务。

　　第七十一条　股东会可以决议解任董事，决议作出之日解任生效。

　　无正当理由，在任期届满前解任董事的，该董事可以要求公司予以赔偿。

　　第七十二条　董事会会议由董事长召集和主持；董事长不能履行职务或者不履行职务的，由副董事长召集和主持；副董事长不能履行职务或者不履行职务的，由过半数的董事共同推举一名董事召集和主持。

　　第七十三条　董事会的议事方式和表决程序，除本法有规定的外，由公司章程规定。

　　董事会会议应当有过半数的董事出席方可举行。董事会作出决议，应当经全体董事的过半数通过。

　　董事会决议的表决，应当一人一票。

　　董事会应当对所议事项的决定作成会议记录，出席会议的董事应当在会议记录上签名。

　　第七十四条　有限责任公司可以设经理，由董事会决定聘任或者解聘。

　　经理对董事会负责，根据公司章程的规定或者董事会的授权行使职权。经理列席董事会会议。

　　第七十五条　规模较小或者股东人数较少的有限责任公司，可以不设董事会，设一名董事，行使本法规定的董事会的职权。该董事可以兼任公司经理。

　　第七十六条　有限责任公司设监事会，本法第六十九条、第八十三条另有规定的除外。

　　监事会成员为三人以上。监事会成员应当包括股东代表和适当比例的公司职工代表，其中职工代表的比例不得低于三分之一，具体比例由公司章程规定。监事会中的职工代表由公司职工通过职工代表大会、职工大会或者其他形式民主选举产生。

　　监事会设主席一人，由全体监事过半数选举产生。监事会主席召集和主持监事会会议；监事会主席不能履行职务或者不履行职务的，由过半数的监事共同推举一名监事召集和主持监事会会议。

　　董事、高级管理人员不得兼任监事。

　　第七十七条　监事的任期每届为三年。监事任期届满，连选可以连任。

　　监事任期届满未及时改选，或者监事在任期内辞任导致监事会成员低于法定人数的，在改选出的监事就任前，原监事仍应当依照法律、行政法规和公司章程的规定，履行监事职务。

　　第七十八条　监事会行使下列职权：

　　（一）检查公司财务；

　　（二）对董事、高级管理人员执行职务的行为进行监督，对违反法律、行政法规、公司章程或者股东会决议的董事、高级管理人员提出解任的建议；

　　（三）当董事、高级管理人员的行为损害公司的利益时，要求董事、高级管理人员予以纠正；

　　（四）提议召开临时股东会会议，在董事会不履行本法规定的召集和主持股东会会议职责时召集和主持股东会会议；

　　（五）向股东会会议提出提案；

　　（六）依照本法第一百八十九条的规定，对董事、高级管理人员提起诉讼；

　　（七）公司章程规定的其他职权。

　　第七十九条　监事可以列席董事会会议，并对董事会决议事项提出质询或者建议。

　　监事会发现公司经营情况异常，可以进行调查；必要时，可以聘请会计师事务所等协助其工作，费用由公司承担。

　　第八十条　监事会可以要求董事、高级管理人员提交执行职务的报告。

　　董事、高级管理人员应当如实向监事会提供有关情况和资料，不得妨碍监事会或者监事行使职权。

　　第八十一条　监事会每年度至少召开一次会议，监事可以提议召开临时监事会会议。

　　监事会的议事方式和表决程序，除本法有规定的外，由公司章程规定。

　　监事会决议应当经全体监事的过半数通过。

　　监事会决议的表决，应当一人一票。

　　监事会应当对所议事项的决定作成会议记录，出席会议的监事应当在会议记录上签名。

　　第八十二条　监事会行使职权所必需的费用，由公司承担。

　　第八十三条　规模较小或者股东人数较少的有限责任公司，可以不设监事会，设一名监事，行使本法规定的监事会的职权；经全体股东一致同意，也可以不设监事。

　　第四章　有限责任公司的股权转让

　　第八十四条　有限责任公司的股东之间可以相互转让其全部或者部分股权。

　　股东向股东以外的人转让股权的，应当将股权转让的数量、价格、支付方式和期限等事项书面通知其他股东，其他股东在同等条件下有优先购买权。股东自接到书面通知之日起三十日内未答复的，视为放弃优先购买权。两个以上股东行使优先购买权的，协商确定各自的购买比例；协商不成的，按照转让时各自的出资比例行使优先购买权。

　　公司章程对股权转让另有规定的，从其规定。

　　第八十五条　人民法院依照法律规定的强制执行程序转让股东的股权时，应当通知公司及全体股东，其他股东在同等条件下有优先购买权。其他股东自人民法院通知之日起满二十日不行使优先购买权的，视为放弃优先购买权。

　　第八十六条　股东转让股权的，应当书面通知公司，请求变更股东名册；需要办理变更登记的，并请求公司向公司登记机关办理变更登记。公司拒绝或者在合理期限内不予答复的，转让人、受让人可以依法向人民法院提起诉讼。

　　股权转让的，受让人自记载于股东名册时起可以向公司主张行使股东权利。

　　第八十七条　依照本法转让股权后，公司应当及时注销原股东的出资证明书，向新股东签发出资证明书，并相应修改公司章程和股东名册中有关股东及其出资额的记载。对公司章程的该项修改不需再由股东会表决。

　　第八十八条　股东转让已认缴出资但未届出资期限的股权的，由受让人承担缴纳该出资的义务；受让人未按期足额缴纳出资的，转让人对受让人未按期缴纳的出资承担补充责任。

　　未按照公司章程规定的出资日期缴纳出资或者作为出资的非货币财产的实际价额显著低于所认缴的出资额的股东转让股权的，转让人与受让人在出资不足的范围内承担连带责任；受让人不知道且不应当知道存在上述情形的，由转让人承担责任。

　　第八十九条　有下列情形之一的，对股东会该项决议投反对票的股东可以请求公司按照合理的价格收购其股权：

　　（一）公司连续五年不向股东分配利润，而公司该五年连续盈利，并且符合本法规定的分配利润条件；

　　（二）公司合并、分立、转让主要财产；

　　（三）公司章程规定的营业期限届满或者章程规定的其他解散事由出现，股东会通过决议修改章程使公司存续。

　　自股东会决议作出之日起六十日内，股东与公司不能达成股权收购协议的，股东可以自股东会决议作出之日起九十日内向人民法院提起诉讼。

　　公司的控股股东滥用股东权利，严重损害公司或者其他股东利益的，其他股东有权请求公司按照合理的价格收购其股权。

　　公司因本条第一款、第三款规定的情形收购的本公司股权，应当在六个月内依法转让或者注销。

　　第九十条　自然人股东死亡后，其合法继承人可以继承股东资格；但是，公司章程另有规定的除外。

　　第五章　股份有限公司的设立和组织机构

　　第一节 设立

　　第九十一条　设立股份有限公司，可以采取发起设立或者募集设立的方式。

　　发起设立，是指由发起人认购设立公司时应发行的全部股份而设立公司。

　　募集设立，是指由发起人认购设立公司时应发行股份的一部分，其余股份向特定对象募集或者向社会公开募集而设立公司。

　　第九十二条　设立股份有限公司，应当有一人以上二百人以下为发起人，其中应当有半数以上的发起人在中华人民共和国境内有住所。

　　第九十三条　股份有限公司发起人承担公司筹办事务。

　　发起人应当签订发起人协议，明确各自在公司设立过程中的权利和义务。

　　第九十四条　设立股份有限公司，应当由发起人共同制订公司章程。

　　第九十五条　股份有限公司章程应当载明下列事项：

　　（一）公司名称和住所；

　　（二）公司经营范围；

　　（三）公司设立方式；

　　（四）公司注册资本、已发行的股份数和设立时发行的股份数，面额股的每股金额；

　　（五）发行类别股的，每一类别股的股份数及其权利和义务；

　　（六）发起人的姓名或者名称、认购的股份数、出资方式；

　　（七）董事会的组成、职权和议事规则；

　　（八）公司法定代表人的产生、变更办法；

　　（九）监事会的组成、职权和议事规则；

　　（十）公司利润分配办法；

　　（十一）公司的解散事由与清算办法；

　　（十二）公司的通知和公告办法；

　　（十三）股东会认为需要规定的其他事项。

　　第九十六条　股份有限公司的注册资本为在公司登记机关登记的已发行股份的股本总额。在发起人认购的股份缴足前，不得向他人募集股份。

　　法律、行政法规以及国务院决定对股份有限公司注册资本最低限额另有规定的，从其规定。

　　第九十七条　以发起设立方式设立股份有限公司的，发起人应当认足公司章程规定的公司设立时应发行的股份。

　　以募集设立方式设立股份有限公司的，发起人认购的股份不得少于公司章程规定的公司设立时应发行股份总数的百分之三十五；但是，法律、行政法规另有规定的，从其规定。

　　第九十八条　发起人应当在公司成立前按照其认购的股份全额缴纳股款。

　　发起人的出资，适用本法第四十八条、第四十九条第二款关于有限责任公司股东出资的规定。

　　第九十九条　发起人不按照其认购的股份缴纳股款，或者作为出资的非货币财产的实际价额显著低于所认购的股份的，其他发起人与该发起人在出资不足的范围内承担连带责任。

　　第一百条　发起人向社会公开募集股份，应当公告招股说明书，并制作认股书。认股书应当载明本法第一百五十四条第二款、第三款所列事项，由认股人填写认购的股份数、金额、住所，并签名或者盖章。认股人应当按照所认购股份足额缴纳股款。

　　第一百零一条　向社会公开募集股份的股款缴足后，应当经依法设立的验资机构验资并出具证明。

　　第一百零二条　股份有限公司应当制作股东名册并置备于公司。股东名册应当记载下列事项：

　　（一）股东的姓名或者名称及住所；

　　（二）各股东所认购的股份种类及股份数；

　　（三）发行纸面形式的股票的，股票的编号；

　　（四）各股东取得股份的日期。

　　第一百零三条　募集设立股份有限公司的发起人应当自公司设立时应发行股份的股款缴足之日起三十日内召开公司成立大会。发起人应当在成立大会召开十五日前将会议日期通知各认股人或者予以公告。成立大会应当有持有表决权过半数的认股人出席，方可举行。

　　以发起设立方式设立股份有限公司成立大会的召开和表决程序由公司章程或者发起人协议规定。

　　第一百零四条　公司成立大会行使下列职权：

　　（一）审议发起人关于公司筹办情况的报告；

　　（二）通过公司章程；

　　（三）选举董事、监事；

　　（四）对公司的设立费用进行审核；

　　（五）对发起人非货币财产出资的作价进行审核；

　　（六）发生不可抗力或者经营条件发生重大变化直接影响公司设立的，可以作出不设立公司的决议。

　　成立大会对前款所列事项作出决议，应当经出席会议的认股人所持表决权过半数通过。

　　第一百零五条　公司设立时应发行的股份未募足，或者发行股份的股款缴足后，发起人在三十日内未召开成立大会的，认股人可以按照所缴股款并加算银行同期存款利息，要求发起人返还。

　　发起人、认股人缴纳股款或者交付非货币财产出资后，除未按期募足股份、发起人未按期召开成立大会或者成立大会决议不设立公司的情形外，不得抽回其股本。

　　第一百零六条　董事会应当授权代表，于公司成立大会结束后三十日内向公司登记机关申请设立登记。

　　第一百零七条　本法第四十四条、第四十九条第三款、第五十一条、第五十二条、第五十三条的规定，适用于股份有限公司。

　　第一百零八条　有限责任公司变更为股份有限公司时，折合的实收股本总额不得高于公司净资产额。有限责任公司变更为股份有限公司，为增加注册资本公开发行股份时，应当依法办理。

　　第一百零九条　股份有限公司应当将公司章程、股东名册、股东会会议记录、董事会会议记录、监事会会议记录、财务会计报告、债券持有人名册置备于本公司。

　　第一百一十条　股东有权查阅、复制公司章程、股东名册、股东会会议记录、董事会会议决议、监事会会议决议、财务会计报告，对公司的经营提出建议或者质询。

　　连续一百八十日以上单独或者合计持有公司百分之三以上股份的股东要求查阅公司的会计账簿、会计凭证的，适用本法第五十七条第二款、第三款、第四款的规定。公司章程对持股比例有较低规定的，从其规定。

　　股东要求查阅、复制公司全资子公司相关材料的，适用前两款的规定。

　　上市公司股东查阅、复制相关材料的，应当遵守《中华人民共和国证券法》等法律、行政法规的规定。

　　第二节　股东会

　　第一百一十一条　股份有限公司股东会由全体股东组成。股东会是公司的权力机构，依照本法行使职权。

　　第一百一十二条 本法第五十九条第一款、第二款关于有限责任公司股东会职权的规定，适用于股份有限公司股东会。

　　本法第六十条关于只有一个股东的有限责任公司不设股东会的规定，适用于只有一个股东的股份有限公司。

　　第一百一十三条 股东会应当每年召开一次年会。有下列情形之一的，应当在两个月内召开临时股东会会议：

　　（一）董事人数不足本法规定人数或者公司章程所定人数的三分之二时；

　　（二）公司未弥补的亏损达股本总额三分之一时；

　　（三）单独或者合计持有公司百分之十以上股份的股东请求时；

　　（四）董事会认为必要时；

　　（五）监事会提议召开时；

　　（六）公司章程规定的其他情形。

　　第一百一十四条　股东会会议由董事会召集，董事长主持；董事长不能履行职务或者不履行职务的，由副董事长主持；副董事长不能履行职务或者不履行职务的，由过半数的董事共同推举一名董事主持。

　　董事会不能履行或者不履行召集股东会会议职责的，监事会应当及时召集和主持；监事会不召集和主持的，连续九十日以上单独或者合计持有公司百分之十以上股份的股东可以自行召集和主持。

　　单独或者合计持有公司百分之十以上股份的股东请求召开临时股东会会议的，董事会、监事会应当在收到请求之日起十日内作出是否召开临时股东会会议的决定，并书面答复股东。

　　第一百一十五条　召开股东会会议，应当将会议召开的时间、地点和审议的事项于会议召开二十日前通知各股东；临时股东会会议应当于会议召开十五日前通知各股东。

　　单独或者合计持有公司百分之一以上股份的股东，可以在股东会会议召开十日前提出临时提案并书面提交董事会。临时提案应当有明确议题和具体决议事项。董事会应当在收到提案后二日内通知其他股东，并将该临时提案提交股东会审议；但临时提案违反法律、行政法规或者公司章程的规定，或者不属于股东会职权范围的除外。公司不得提高提出临时提案股东的持股比例。

　　公开发行股份的公司，应当以公告方式作出前两款规定的通知。

　　股东会不得对通知中未列明的事项作出决议。

　　第一百一十六条　股东出席股东会会议，所持每一股份有一表决权，类别股股东除外。公司持有的本公司股份没有表决权。

　　股东会作出决议，应当经出席会议的股东所持表决权过半数通过。

　　股东会作出修改公司章程、增加或者减少注册资本的决议，以及公司合并、分立、解散或者变更公司形式的决议，应当经出席会议的股东所持表决权的三分之二以上通过。

　　第一百一十七条　股东会选举董事、监事，可以按照公司章程的规定或者股东会的决议，实行累积投票制。

　　本法所称累积投票制，是指股东会选举董事或者监事时，每一股份拥有与应选董事或者监事人数相同的表决权，股东拥有的表决权可以集中使用。

　　第一百一十八条　股东委托代理人出席股东会会议的，应当明确代理人代理的事项、权限和期限；代理人应当向公司提交股东授权委托书，并在授权范围内行使表决权。

　　第一百一十九条　股东会应当对所议事项的决定作成会议记录，主持人、出席会议的董事应当在会议记录上签名。会议记录应当与出席股东的签名册及代理出席的委托书一并保存。

　　第三节 董事会、经理

　　第一百二十条　股份有限公司设董事会，本法第一百二十八条另有规定的除外。

　　本法第六十七条、第六十八条第一款、第七十条、第七十一条的规定，适用于股份有限公司。

　　第一百二十一条　股份有限公司可以按照公司章程的规定在董事会中设置由董事组成的审计委员会，行使本法规定的监事会的职权，不设监事会或者监事。

　　审计委员会成员为三名以上，过半数成员不得在公司担任除董事以外的其他职务，且不得与公司存在任何可能影响其独立客观判断的关系。公司董事会成员中的职工代表可以成为审计委员会成员。

　　审计委员会作出决议，应当经审计委员会成员的过半数通过。

　　审计委员会决议的表决，应当一人一票。

　　审计委员会的议事方式和表决程序，除本法有规定的外，由公司章程规定。

　　公司可以按照公司章程的规定在董事会中设置其他委员会。

　　第一百二十二条　董事会设董事长一人，可以设副董事长。董事长和副董事长由董事会以全体董事的过半数选举产生。

　　董事长召集和主持董事会会议，检查董事会决议的实施情况。副董事长协助董事长工作，董事长不能履行职务或者不履行职务的，由副董事长履行职务；副董事长不能履行职务或者不履行职务的，由过半数的董事共同推举一名董事履行职务。

　　第一百二十三条　董事会每年度至少召开两次会议，每次会议应当于会议召开十日前通知全体董事和监事。

　　代表十分之一以上表决权的股东、三分之一以上董事或者监事会，可以提议召开临时董事会会议。董事长应当自接到提议后十日内，召集和主持董事会会议。

　　董事会召开临时会议，可以另定召集董事会的通知方式和通知时限。

　　第一百二十四条　董事会会议应当有过半数的董事出席方可举行。董事会作出决议，应当经全体董事的过半数通过。

　　董事会决议的表决，应当一人一票。

　　董事会应当对所议事项的决定作成会议记录，出席会议的董事应当在会议记录上签名。

　　第一百二十五条　董事会会议，应当由董事本人出席；董事因故不能出席，可以书面委托其他董事代为出席，委托书应当载明授权范围。

　　董事应当对董事会的决议承担责任。董事会的决议违反法律、行政法规或者公司章程、股东会决议，给公司造成严重损失的，参与决议的董事对公司负赔偿责任；经证明在表决时曾表明异议并记载于会议记录的，该董事可以免除责任。

　　第一百二十六条　股份有限公司设经理，由董事会决定聘任或者解聘。

　　经理对董事会负责，根据公司章程的规定或者董事会的授权行使职权。经理列席董事会会议。

　　第一百二十七条　公司董事会可以决定由董事会成员兼任经理。

　　第一百二十八条　规模较小或者股东人数较少的股份有限公司，可以不设董事会，设一名董事，行使本法规定的董事会的职权。该董事可以兼任公司经理。

　　第一百二十九条　公司应当定期向股东披露董事、监事、高级管理人员从公司获得报酬的情况。

第四节　监事会

　　第一百三十条　股份有限公司设监事会，本法第一百二十一条第一款、第一百三十三条另有规定的除外。

　　监事会成员为三人以上。监事会成员应当包括股东代表和适当比例的公司职工代表，其中职工代表的比例不得低于三分之一，具体比例由公司章程规定。监事会中的职工代表由公司职工通过职工代表大会、职工大会或者其他形式民主选举产生。

　　监事会设主席一人，可以设副主席。监事会主席和副主席由全体监事过半数选举产生。监事会主席召集和主持监事会会议；监事会主席不能履行职务或者不履行职务的，由监事会副主席召集和主持监事会会议；监事会副主席不能履行职务或者不履行职务的，由过半数的监事共同推举一名监事召集和主持监事会会议。

　　董事、高级管理人员不得兼任监事。

　　本法第七十七条关于有限责任公司监事任期的规定，适用于股份有限公司监事。

　　第一百三十一条　本法第七十八条至第八十条的规定，适用于股份有限公司监事会。

　　监事会行使职权所必需的费用，由公司承担。

　　第一百三十二条　监事会每六个月至少召开一次会议。监事可以提议召开临时监事会会议。

　　监事会的议事方式和表决程序，除本法有规定的外，由公司章程规定。

　　监事会决议应当经全体监事的过半数通过。

　　监事会决议的表决，应当一人一票。

　　监事会应当对所议事项的决定作成会议记录，出席会议的监事应当在会议记录上签名。

　　第一百三十三条　规模较小或者股东人数较少的股份有限公司，可以不设监事会，设一名监事，行使本法规定的监事会的职权。

第五节　上市公司组织机构的特别规定

　　第一百三十四条　本法所称上市公司，是指其股票在证券交易所上市交易的股份有限公司。

　　第一百三十五条　上市公司在一年内购买、出售重大资产或者向他人提供担保的金额超过公司资产总额百分之三十的，应当由股东会作出决议，并经出席会议的股东所持表决权的三分之二以上通过。

　　第一百三十六条　上市公司设独立董事，具体管理办法由国务院证券监督管理机构规定。

　　上市公司的公司章程除载明本法第九十五条规定的事项外，还应当依照法律、行政法规的规定载明董事会专门委员会的组成、职权以及董事、监事、高级管理人员薪酬考核机制等事项。

　　第一百三十七条　上市公司在董事会中设置审计委员会的，董事会对下列事项作出决议前应当经审计委员会全体成员过半数通过：

　　（一）聘用、解聘承办公司审计业务的会计师事务所;

　　（二）聘任、解聘财务负责人；

　　（三）披露财务会计报告；

　　（四）国务院证券监督管理机构规定的其他事项。

　　第一百三十八条　上市公司设董事会秘书，负责公司股东会和董事会会议的筹备、文件保管以及公司股东资料的管理，办理信息披露事务等事宜。

　　第一百三十九条　上市公司董事与董事会会议决议事项所涉及的企业或者个人有关联关系的，该董事应当及时向董事会书面报告。有关联关系的董事不得对该项决议行使表决权，也不得代理其他董事行使表决权。该董事会会议由过半数的无关联关系董事出席即可举行，董事会会议所作决议须经无关联关系董事过半数通过。出席董事会会议的无关联关系董事人数不足三人的，应当将该事项提交上市公司股东会审议。

　　第一百四十条　上市公司应当依法披露股东、实际控制人的信息，相关信息应当真实、准确、完整。

　　禁止违反法律、行政法规的规定代持上市公司股票。

　　第一百四十一条　上市公司控股子公司不得取得该上市公司的股份。

　　上市公司控股子公司因公司合并、质权行使等原因持有上市公司股份的，不得行使所持股份对应的表决权，并应当及时处分相关上市公司股份。

第六章　股份有限公司的股份发行和转让

第一节 股份发行

　　第一百四十二条　公司的资本划分为股份。公司的全部股份，根据公司章程的规定择一采用面额股或者无面额股。采用面额股的，每一股的金额相等。

　　公司可以根据公司章程的规定将已发行的面额股全部转换为无面额股或者将无面额股全部转换为面额股。

　　采用无面额股的，应当将发行股份所得股款的二分之一以上计入注册资本。

　　第一百四十三条　股份的发行，实行公平、公正的原则，同类别的每一股份应当具有同等权利。

　　同次发行的同类别股份，每股的发行条件和价格应当相同；认购人所认购的股份，每股应当支付相同价额。

　　第一百四十四条　公司可以按照公司章程的规定发行下列与普通股权利不同的类别股：

　　（一）优先或者劣后分配利润或者剩余财产的股份；

　　（二）每一股的表决权数多于或者少于普通股的股份；

　　（三）转让须经公司同意等转让受限的股份；

　　（四）国务院规定的其他类别股。

　　公开发行股份的公司不得发行前款第二项、第三项规定的类别股；公开发行前已发行的除外。

　　公司发行本条第一款第二项规定的类别股的，对于监事或者审计委员会成员的选举和更换，类别股与普通股每一股的表决权数相同。

　　第一百四十五条　发行类别股的公司，应当在公司章程中载明以下事项：

　　（一）类别股分配利润或者剩余财产的顺序；

　　（二）类别股的表决权数；

　　（三）类别股的转让限制；

　　（四）保护中小股东权益的措施；

　　（五）股东会认为需要规定的其他事项。

　　第一百四十六条　发行类别股的公司，有本法第一百一十六条第三款规定的事项等可能影响类别股股东权利的，除应当依照第一百一十六条第三款的规定经股东会决议外，还应当经出席类别股股东会议的股东所持表决权的三分之二以上通过。

　　公司章程可以对需经类别股股东会议决议的其他事项作出规定。

　　第一百四十七条　公司的股份采取股票的形式。股票是公司签发的证明股东所持股份的凭证。

　　公司发行的股票，应当为记名股票。

　　第一百四十八条　面额股股票的发行价格可以按票面金额，也可以超过票面金额，但不得低于票面金额。

　　第一百四十九条　股票采用纸面形式或者国务院证券监督管理机构规定的其他形式。

　　股票采用纸面形式的，应当载明下列主要事项：

　　（一）公司名称；

　　（二）公司成立日期或者股票发行的时间；

　　（三）股票种类、票面金额及代表的股份数，发行无面额股的，股票代表的股份数。

　　股票采用纸面形式的，还应当载明股票的编号，由法定代表人签名，公司盖章。

　　发起人股票采用纸面形式的，应当标明发起人股票字样。

　　第一百五十条　股份有限公司成立后，即向股东正式交付股票。公司成立前不得向股东交付股票。

　　第一百五十一条　公司发行新股，股东会应当对下列事项作出决议：

　　（一）新股种类及数额；

　　（二）新股发行价格；

　　（三）新股发行的起止日期；

　　（四）向原有股东发行新股的种类及数额；

　　（五）发行无面额股的，新股发行所得股款计入注册资本的金额。

　　公司发行新股，可以根据公司经营情况和财务状况，确定其作价方案。

　　第一百五十二条　公司章程或者股东会可以授权董事会在三年内决定发行不超过已发行股份百分之五十的股份。但以非货币财产作价出资的应当经股东会决议。

　　董事会依照前款规定决定发行股份导致公司注册资本、已发行股份数发生变化的，对公司章程该项记载事项的修改不需再由股东会表决。

　　第一百五十三条　公司章程或者股东会授权董事会决定发行新股的，董事会决议应当经全体董事三分之二以上通过。

　　第一百五十四条　公司向社会公开募集股份，应当经国务院证券监督管理机构注册，公告招股说明书。

　　招股说明书应当附有公司章程，并载明下列事项：

　　（一）发行的股份总数；

　　（二）面额股的票面金额和发行价格或者无面额股的发行价格；

　　（三）募集资金的用途；

　　（四）认股人的权利和义务；

　　（五）股份种类及其权利和义务；

　　（六）本次募股的起止日期及逾期未募足时认股人可以撤回所认股份的说明。

　　公司设立时发行股份的，还应当载明发起人认购的股份数。

　　第一百五十五条　公司向社会公开募集股份，应当由依法设立的证券公司承销，签订承销协议。

　　第一百五十六条　公司向社会公开募集股份，应当同银行签订代收股款协议。

　　代收股款的银行应当按照协议代收和保存股款，向缴纳股款的认股人出具收款单据，并负有向有关部门出具收款证明的义务。

　　公司发行股份募足股款后，应予公告。

第二节　股份转让

　　第一百五十七条　股份有限公司的股东持有的股份可以向其他股东转让，也可以向股东以外的人转让；公司章程对股份转让有限制的，其转让按照公司章程的规定进行。

　　第一百五十八条　股东转让其股份，应当在依法设立的证券交易场所进行或者按照国务院规定的其他方式进行。

　　第一百五十九条　股票的转让，由股东以背书方式或者法律、行政法规规定的其他方式进行；转让后由公司将受让人的姓名或者名称及住所记载于股东名册。

　　股东会会议召开前二十日内或者公司决定分配股利的基准日前五日内，不得变更股东名册。法律、行政法规或者国务院证券监督管理机构对上市公司股东名册变更另有规定的，从其规定。

　　第一百六十条　公司公开发行股份前已发行的股份，自公司股票在证券交易所上市交易之日起一年内不得转让。法律、行政法规或者国务院证券监督管理机构对上市公司的股东、实际控制人转让其所持有的本公司股份另有规定的，从其规定。

　　公司董事、监事、高级管理人员应当向公司申报所持有的本公司的股份及其变动情况，在就任时确定的任职期间每年转让的股份不得超过其所持有本公司股份总数的百分之二十五；所持本公司股份自公司股票上市交易之日起一年内不得转让。上述人员离职后半年内，不得转让其所持有的本公司股份。公司章程可以对公司董事、监事、高级管理人员转让其所持有的本公司股份作出其他限制性规定。

　　股份在法律、行政法规规定的限制转让期限内出质的，质权人不得在限制转让期限内行使质权。

　　第一百六十一条　有下列情形之一的，对股东会该项决议投反对票的股东可以请求公司按照合理的价格收购其股份，公开发行股份的公司除外：

　　（一）公司连续五年不向股东分配利润，而公司该五年连续盈利，并且符合本法规定的分配利润条件；

　　（二）公司转让主要财产；

　　（三）公司章程规定的营业期限届满或者章程规定的其他解散事由出现，股东会通过决议修改章程使公司存续。

　　自股东会决议作出之日起六十日内，股东与公司不能达成股份收购协议的，股东可以自股东会决议作出之日起九十日内向人民法院提起诉讼。

　　公司因本条第一款规定的情形收购的本公司股份，应当在六个月内依法转让或者注销。

　　第一百六十二条　公司不得收购本公司股份。但是，有下列情形之一的除外：

　　（一）减少公司注册资本；

　　（二）与持有本公司股份的其他公司合并；

　　（三）将股份用于员工持股计划或者股权激励；

　　（四）股东因对股东会作出的公司合并、分立决议持异议，要求公司收购其股份；

　　（五）将股份用于转换公司发行的可转换为股票的公司债券；

　　（六）上市公司为维护公司价值及股东权益所必需。

　　公司因前款第一项、第二项规定的情形收购本公司股份的，应当经股东会决议；公司因前款第三项、第五项、第六项规定的情形收购本公司股份的，可以按照公司章程或者股东会的授权，经三分之二以上董事出席的董事会会议决议。

　　公司依照本条第一款规定收购本公司股份后，属于第一项情形的，应当自收购之日起十日内注销；属于第二项、第四项情形的，应当在六个月内转让或者注销；属于第三项、第五项、第六项情形的，公司合计持有的本公司股份数不得超过本公司已发行股份总数的百分之十，并应当在三年内转让或者注销。

　　上市公司收购本公司股份的，应当依照《中华人民共和国证券法》的规定履行信息披露义务。上市公司因本条第一款第三项、第五项、第六项规定的情形收购本公司股份的，应当通过公开的集中交易方式进行。

　　公司不得接受本公司的股份作为质权的标的。

　　第一百六十三条　公司不得为他人取得本公司或者其母公司的股份提供赠与、借款、担保以及其他财务资助，公司实施员工持股计划的除外。

　　为公司利益，经股东会决议，或者董事会按照公司章程或者股东会的授权作出决议，公司可以为他人取得本公司或者其母公司的股份提供财务资助，但财务资助的累计总额不得超过已发行股本总额的百分之十。董事会作出决议应当经全体董事的三分之二以上通过。

　　违反前两款规定，给公司造成损失的，负有责任的董事、监事、高级管理人员应当承担赔偿责任。

　　第一百六十四条　股票被盗、遗失或者灭失，股东可以依照《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》规定的公示催告程序，请求人民法院宣告该股票失效。人民法院宣告该股票失效后，股东可以向公司申请补发股票。

　　第一百六十五条　上市公司的股票，依照有关法律、行政法规及证券交易所交易规则上市交易。

　　第一百六十六条　上市公司应当依照法律、行政法规的规定披露相关信息。

　　第一百六十七条　自然人股东死亡后，其合法继承人可以继承股东资格；但是，股份转让受限的股份有限公司的章程另有规定的除外。

第七章　国家出资公司组织机构的特别规定

　　第一百六十八条　国家出资公司的组织机构，适用本章规定；本章没有规定的，适用本法其他规定。

　　本法所称国家出资公司，是指国家出资的国有独资公司、国有资本控股公司，包括国家出资的有限责任公司、股份有限公司。

　　第一百六十九条　国家出资公司，由国务院或者地方人民政府分别代表国家依法履行出资人职责，享有出资人权益。国务院或者地方人民政府可以授权国有资产监督管理机构或者其他部门、机构代表本级人民政府对国家出资公司履行出资人职责。

　　代表本级人民政府履行出资人职责的机构、部门，以下统称为履行出资人职责的机构。

　　第一百七十条　国家出资公司中中国共产党的组织，按照中国共产党章程的规定发挥领导作用，研究讨论公司重大经营管理事项，支持公司的组织机构依法行使职权。

　　第一百七十一条　国有独资公司章程由履行出资人职责的机构制定。

　　第一百七十二条　国有独资公司不设股东会，由履行出资人职责的机构行使股东会职权。履行出资人职责的机构可以授权公司董事会行使股东会的部分职权，但公司章程的制定和修改，公司的合并、分立、解散、申请破产，增加或者减少注册资本，分配利润，应当由履行出资人职责的机构决定。

　　第一百七十三条　国有独资公司的董事会依照本法规定行使职权。

　　国有独资公司的董事会成员中，应当过半数为外部董事，并应当有公司职工代表。

　　董事会成员由履行出资人职责的机构委派；但是，董事会成员中的职工代表由公司职工代表大会选举产生。

　　董事会设董事长一人，可以设副董事长。董事长、副董事长由履行出资人职责的机构从董事会成员中指定。

　　第一百七十四条　国有独资公司的经理由董事会聘任或者解聘。

　　经履行出资人职责的机构同意，董事会成员可以兼任经理。

　　第一百七十五条　国有独资公司的董事、高级管理人员，未经履行出资人职责的机构同意，不得在其他有限责任公司、股份有限公司或者其他经济组织兼职。

　　第一百七十六条　国有独资公司在董事会中设置由董事组成的审计委员会行使本法规定的监事会职权的，不设监事会或者监事。

　　第一百七十七条　国家出资公司应当依法建立健全内部监督管理和风险控制制度，加强内部合规管理。

　　第八章　公司董事、监事、高级管理人员的资格和义务

　　第一百七十八条　有下列情形之一的，不得担任公司的董事、监事、高级管理人员：

　　（一）无民事行为能力或者限制民事行为能力；

　　（二）因贪污、贿赂、侵占财产、挪用财产或者破坏社会主义市场经济秩序，被判处刑罚，或者因犯罪被剥夺政治权利，执行期满未逾五年，被宣告缓刑的，自缓刑考验期满之日起未逾二年；

　　（三）担任破产清算的公司、企业的董事或者厂长、经理，对该公司、企业的破产负有个人责任的，自该公司、企业破产清算完结之日起未逾三年；

　　（四）担任因违法被吊销营业执照、责令关闭的公司、企业的法定代表人，并负有个人责任的，自该公司、企业被吊销营业执照、责令关闭之日起未逾三年；

　　（五）个人因所负数额较大债务到期未清偿被人民法院列为失信被执行人。

　　违反前款规定选举、委派董事、监事或者聘任高级管理人员的，该选举、委派或者聘任无效。

　　董事、监事、高级管理人员在任职期间出现本条第一款所列情形的，公司应当解除其职务。

　　第一百七十九条　董事、监事、高级管理人员应当遵守法律、行政法规和公司章程。

　　第一百八十条　董事、监事、高级管理人员对公司负有忠实义务，应当采取措施避免自身利益与公司利益冲突，不得利用职权牟取不正当利益。

　　董事、监事、高级管理人员对公司负有勤勉义务，执行职务应当为公司的最大利益尽到管理者通常应有的合理注意。

　　公司的控股股东、实际控制人不担任公司董事但实际执行公司事务的，适用前两款规定。

　　第一百八十一条　董事、监事、高级管理人员不得有下列行为：

　　（一）侵占公司财产、挪用公司资金；

　　（二）将公司资金以其个人名义或者以其他个人名义开立账户存储；

　　（三）利用职权贿赂或者收受其他非法收入；

　　（四）接受他人与公司交易的佣金归为己有；

　　（五）擅自披露公司秘密；

　　（六）违反对公司忠实义务的其他行为。

　　第一百八十二条　董事、监事、高级管理人员，直接或者间接与本公司订立合同或者进行交易，应当就与订立合同或者进行交易有关的事项向董事会或者股东会报告，并按照公司章程的规定经董事会或者股东会决议通过。

　　董事、监事、高级管理人员的近亲属，董事、监事、高级管理人员或者其近亲属直接或者间接控制的企业，以及与董事、监事、高级管理人员有其他关联关系的关联人，与公司订立合同或者进行交易，适用前款规定。

　　第一百八十三条　董事、监事、高级管理人员，不得利用职务便利为自己或者他人谋取属于公司的商业机会。但是，有下列情形之一的除外：

　　（一）向董事会或者股东会报告，并按照公司章程的规定经董事会或者股东会决议通过；

　　（二）根据法律、行政法规或者公司章程的规定，公司不能利用该商业机会。

　　第一百八十四条　董事、监事、高级管理人员未向董事会或者股东会报告，并按照公司章程的规定经董事会或者股东会决议通过，不得自营或者为他人经营与其任职公司同类的业务。

　　第一百八十五条　董事会对本法第一百八十二条至第一百八十四条规定的事项决议时，关联董事不得参与表决，其表决权不计入表决权总数。出席董事会会议的无关联关系董事人数不足三人的，应当将该事项提交股东会审议。

　　第一百八十六条　董事、监事、高级管理人员违反本法第一百八十一条至第一百八十四条规定所得的收入应当归公司所有。

　　第一百八十七条　股东会要求董事、监事、高级管理人员列席会议的，董事、监事、高级管理人员应当列席并接受股东的质询。

　　第一百八十八条　董事、监事、高级管理人员执行职务违反法律、行政法规或者公司章程的规定，给公司造成损失的，应当承担赔偿责任。

　　第一百八十九条　董事、高级管理人员有前条规定的情形的，有限责任公司的股东、股份有限公司连续一百八十日以上单独或者合计持有公司百分之一以上股份的股东，可以书面请求监事会向人民法院提起诉讼；监事有前条规定的情形的，前述股东可以书面请求董事会向人民法院提起诉讼。

　　监事会或者董事会收到前款规定的股东书面请求后拒绝提起诉讼，或者自收到请求之日起三十日内未提起诉讼，或者情况紧急、不立即提起诉讼将会使公司利益受到难以弥补的损害的，前款规定的股东有权为公司利益以自己的名义直接向人民法院提起诉讼。

　　他人侵犯公司合法权益，给公司造成损失的，本条第一款规定的股东可以依照前两款的规定向人民法院提起诉讼。

　　公司全资子公司的董事、监事、高级管理人员有前条规定情形，或者他人侵犯公司全资子公司合法权益造成损失的，有限责任公司的股东、股份有限公司连续一百八十日以上单独或者合计持有公司百分之一以上股份的股东，可以依照前三款规定书面请求全资子公司的监事会、董事会向人民法院提起诉讼或者以自己的名义直接向人民法院提起诉讼。

　　第一百九十条　董事、高级管理人员违反法律、行政法规或者公司章程的规定，损害股东利益的，股东可以向人民法院提起诉讼。

　　第一百九十一条　董事、高级管理人员执行职务，给他人造成损害的，公司应当承担赔偿责任；董事、高级管理人员存在故意或者重大过失的，也应当承担赔偿责任。

　　第一百九十二条　公司的控股股东、实际控制人指示董事、高级管理人员从事损害公司或者股东利益的行为的，与该董事、高级管理人员承担连带责任。

　　第一百九十三条　公司可以在董事任职期间为董事因执行公司职务承担的赔偿责任投保责任保险。

　　公司为董事投保责任保险或者续保后，董事会应当向股东会报告责任保险的投保金额、承保范围及保险费率等内容。

第九章 公司债券

　　第一百九十四条　本法所称公司债券，是指公司发行的约定按期还本付息的有价证券。

　　公司债券可以公开发行，也可以非公开发行。

　　公司债券的发行和交易应当符合《中华人民共和国证券法》等法律、行政法规的规定。

　　第一百九十五条 公开发行公司债券，应当经国务院证券监督管理机构注册，公告公司债券募集办法。

　　公司债券募集办法应当载明下列主要事项：

　　（一）公司名称；

　　（二）债券募集资金的用途；

　　（三）债券总额和债券的票面金额；

　　（四）债券利率的确定方式；

　　（五）还本付息的期限和方式；

　　（六）债券担保情况；

　　（七）债券的发行价格、发行的起止日期；

　　（八）公司净资产额；

　　（九）已发行的尚未到期的公司债券总额；

　　（十）公司债券的承销机构。

　　第一百九十六条　公司以纸面形式发行公司债券的，应当在债券上载明公司名称、债券票面金额、利率、偿还期限等事项，并由法定代表人签名，公司盖章。

　　第一百九十七条　公司债券应当为记名债券。

　　第一百九十八条　公司发行公司债券应当置备公司债券持有人名册。

　　发行公司债券的，应当在公司债券持有人名册上载明下列事项：

　　（一）债券持有人的姓名或者名称及住所；

　　（二）债券持有人取得债券的日期及债券的编号；

　　（三）债券总额，债券的票面金额、利率、还本付息的期限和方式；

　　（四）债券的发行日期。

　　第一百九十九条　公司债券的登记结算机构应当建立债券登记、存管、付息、兑付等相关制度。

　　第二百条　公司债券可以转让，转让价格由转让人与受让人约定。

　　公司债券的转让应当符合法律、行政法规的规定。

　　第二百零一条　公司债券由债券持有人以背书方式或者法律、行政法规规定的其他方式转让；转让后由公司将受让人的姓名或者名称及住所记载于公司债券持有人名册。

　　第二百零二条　股份有限公司经股东会决议，或者经公司章程、股东会授权由董事会决议，可以发行可转换为股票的公司债券，并规定具体的转换办法。上市公司发行可转换为股票的公司债券，应当经国务院证券监督管理机构注册。

　　发行可转换为股票的公司债券，应当在债券上标明可转换公司债券字样，并在公司债券持有人名册上载明可转换公司债券的数额。

　　第二百零三条　发行可转换为股票的公司债券的，公司应当按照其转换办法向债券持有人换发股票，但债券持有人对转换股票或者不转换股票有选择权。法律、行政法规另有规定的除外。

　　第二百零四条　公开发行公司债券的，应当为同期债券持有人设立债券持有人会议，并在债券募集办法中对债券持有人会议的召集程序、会议规则和其他重要事项作出规定。债券持有人会议可以对与债券持有人有利害关系的事项作出决议。

　　除公司债券募集办法另有约定外，债券持有人会议决议对同期全体债券持有人发生效力。

　　第二百零五条　公开发行公司债券的，发行人应当为债券持有人聘请债券受托管理人，由其为债券持有人办理受领清偿、债权保全、与债券相关的诉讼以及参与债务人破产程序等事项。

　　第二百零六条　债券受托管理人应当勤勉尽责，公正履行受托管理职责，不得损害债券持有人利益。

　　受托管理人与债券持有人存在利益冲突可能损害债券持有人利益的，债券持有人会议可以决议变更债券受托管理人。

　　债券受托管理人违反法律、行政法规或者债券持有人会议决议，损害债券持有人利益的，应当承担赔偿责任。

第十章　公司财务、会计

　　第二百零七条　公司应当依照法律、行政法规和国务院财政部门的规定建立本公司的财务、会计制度。

　　第二百零八条　公司应当在每一会计年度终了时编制财务会计报告，并依法经会计师事务所审计。

　　财务会计报告应当依照法律、行政法规和国务院财政部门的规定制作。

　　第二百零九条　有限责任公司应当按照公司章程规定的期限将财务会计报告送交各股东。

　　股份有限公司的财务会计报告应当在召开股东会年会的二十日前置备于本公司，供股东查阅；公开发行股份的股份有限公司应当公告其财务会计报告。

　　第二百一十条　公司分配当年税后利润时，应当提取利润的百分之十列入公司法定公积金。公司法定公积金累计额为公司注册资本的百分之五十以上的，可以不再提取。

　　公司的法定公积金不足以弥补以前年度亏损的，在依照前款规定提取法定公积金之前，应当先用当年利润弥补亏损。

　　公司从税后利润中提取法定公积金后，经股东会决议，还可以从税后利润中提取任意公积金。

　　公司弥补亏损和提取公积金后所余税后利润，有限责任公司按照股东实缴的出资比例分配利润，全体股东约定不按照出资比例分配利润的除外；股份有限公司按照股东所持有的股份比例分配利润，公司章程另有规定的除外。

　　公司持有的本公司股份不得分配利润。

　　第二百一十一条　公司违反本法规定向股东分配利润的，股东应当将违反规定分配的利润退还公司；给公司造成损失的，股东及负有责任的董事、监事、高级管理人员应当承担赔偿责任。

　　第二百一十二条　股东会作出分配利润的决议的，董事会应当在股东会决议作出之日起六个月内进行分配。

　　第二百一十三条　公司以超过股票票面金额的发行价格发行股份所得的溢价款、发行无面额股所得股款未计入注册资本的金额以及国务院财政部门规定列入资本公积金的其他项目，应当列为公司资本公积金。

　　第二百一十四条　公司的公积金用于弥补公司的亏损、扩大公司生产经营或者转为增加公司注册资本。

　　公积金弥补公司亏损，应当先使用任意公积金和法定公积金；仍不能弥补的，可以按照规定使用资本公积金。

　　法定公积金转为增加注册资本时，所留存的该项公积金不得少于转增前公司注册资本的百分之二十五。

　　第二百一十五条　公司聘用、解聘承办公司审计业务的会计师事务所，按照公司章程的规定，由股东会、董事会或者监事会决定。

　　公司股东会、董事会或者监事会就解聘会计师事务所进行表决时，应当允许会计师事务所陈述意见。

　　第二百一十六条　公司应当向聘用的会计师事务所提供真实、完整的会计凭证、会计账簿、财务会计报告及其他会计资料，不得拒绝、隐匿、谎报。

　　第二百一十七条　公司除法定的会计账簿外，不得另立会计账簿。

　　对公司资金，不得以任何个人名义开立账户存储。

第十一章　公司合并、分立、增资、减资

　　第二百一十八条　公司合并可以采取吸收合并或者新设合并。

　　一个公司吸收其他公司为吸收合并，被吸收的公司解散。两个以上公司合并设立一个新的公司为新设合并，合并各方解散。

　　第二百一十九条　公司与其持股百分之九十以上的公司合并，被合并的公司不需经股东会决议，但应当通知其他股东，其他股东有权请求公司按照合理的价格收购其股权或者股份。

　　公司合并支付的价款不超过本公司净资产百分之十的，可以不经股东会决议；但是，公司章程另有规定的除外。

　　公司依照前两款规定合并不经股东会决议的，应当经董事会决议。

　　第二百二十条　公司合并，应当由合并各方签订合并协议，并编制资产负债表及财产清单。公司应当自作出合并决议之日起十日内通知债权人，并于三十日内在报纸上或者国家企业信用信息公示系统公告。债权人自接到通知之日起三十日内，未接到通知的自公告之日起四十五日内，可以要求公司清偿债务或者提供相应的担保。

　　第二百二十一条　公司合并时，合并各方的债权、债务，应当由合并后存续的公司或者新设的公司承继。

　　第二百二十二条　公司分立，其财产作相应的分割。

　　公司分立，应当编制资产负债表及财产清单。公司应当自作出分立决议之日起十日内通知债权人，并于三十日内在报纸上或者国家企业信用信息公示系统公告。

　　第二百二十三条　公司分立前的债务由分立后的公司承担连带责任。但是，公司在分立前与债权人就债务清偿达成的书面协议另有约定的除外。

　　第二百二十四条　公司减少注册资本，应当编制资产负债表及财产清单。

　　公司应当自股东会作出减少注册资本决议之日起十日内通知债权人，并于三十日内在报纸上或者国家企业信用信息公示系统公告。债权人自接到通知之日起三十日内，未接到通知的自公告之日起四十五日内，有权要求公司清偿债务或者提供相应的担保。

　　公司减少注册资本，应当按照股东出资或者持有股份的比例相应减少出资额或者股份，法律另有规定、有限责任公司全体股东另有约定或者股份有限公司章程另有规定的除外。

　　第二百二十五条　公司依照本法第二百一十四条第二款的规定弥补亏损后，仍有亏损的，可以减少注册资本弥补亏损。减少注册资本弥补亏损的，公司不得向股东分配，也不得免除股东缴纳出资或者股款的义务。

　　依照前款规定减少注册资本的，不适用前条第二款的规定，但应当自股东会作出减少注册资本决议之日起三十日内在报纸上或者国家企业信用信息公示系统公告。

　　公司依照前两款的规定减少注册资本后，在法定公积金和任意公积金累计额达到公司注册资本百分之五十前，不得分配利润。

　　第二百二十六条　违反本法规定减少注册资本的，股东应当退还其收到的资金，减免股东出资的应当恢复原状；给公司造成损失的，股东及负有责任的董事、监事、高级管理人员应当承担赔偿责任。

　　第二百二十七条　有限责任公司增加注册资本时，股东在同等条件下有权优先按照实缴的出资比例认缴出资。但是，全体股东约定不按照出资比例优先认缴出资的除外。

　　股份有限公司为增加注册资本发行新股时，股东不享有优先认购权，公司章程另有规定或者股东会决议决定股东享有优先认购权的除外。

　　第二百二十八条　有限责任公司增加注册资本时，股东认缴新增资本的出资，依照本法设立有限责任公司缴纳出资的有关规定执行。

　　股份有限公司为增加注册资本发行新股时，股东认购新股，依照本法设立股份有限公司缴纳股款的有关规定执行。

　　第十二章　公司解散和清算

　　第二百二十九条　公司因下列原因解散：

　　（一）公司章程规定的营业期限届满或者公司章程规定的其他解散事由出现；

　　（二）股东会决议解散；

　　（三）因公司合并或者分立需要解散；

　　（四）依法被吊销营业执照、责令关闭或者被撤销；

　　（五）人民法院依照本法第二百三十一条的规定予以解散。

　　公司出现前款规定的解散事由，应当在十日内将解散事由通过国家企业信用信息公示系统予以公示。

　　第二百三十条　公司有前条第一款第一项、第二项情形，且尚未向股东分配财产的，可以通过修改公司章程或者经股东会决议而存续。

　　依照前款规定修改公司章程或者经股东会决议，有限责任公司须经持有三分之二以上表决权的股东通过，股份有限公司须经出席股东会会议的股东所持表决权的三分之二以上通过。

　　第二百三十一条　公司经营管理发生严重困难，继续存续会使股东利益受到重大损失，通过其他途径不能解决的，持有公司百分之十以上表决权的股东，可以请求人民法院解散公司。

　　第二百三十二条　公司因本法第二百二十九条第一款第一项、第二项、第四项、第五项规定而解散的，应当清算。董事为公司清算义务人，应当在解散事由出现之日起十五日内组成清算组进行清算。

　　清算组由董事组成，但是公司章程另有规定或者股东会决议另选他人的除外。

　　清算义务人未及时履行清算义务，给公司或者债权人造成损失的，应当承担赔偿责任。

　　第二百三十三条　公司依照前条第一款的规定应当清算，逾期不成立清算组进行清算或者成立清算组后不清算的，利害关系人可以申请人民法院指定有关人员组成清算组进行清算。人民法院应当受理该申请，并及时组织清算组进行清算。

　　公司因本法第二百二十九条第一款第四项的规定而解散的，作出吊销营业执照、责令关闭或者撤销决定的部门或者公司登记机关，可以申请人民法院指定有关人员组成清算组进行清算。

　　第二百三十四条　清算组在清算期间行使下列职权：

　　（一）清理公司财产，分别编制资产负债表和财产清单；

　　（二）通知、公告债权人；

　　（三）处理与清算有关的公司未了结的业务；

　　（四）清缴所欠税款以及清算过程中产生的税款；

　　（五）清理债权、债务；

　　（六）分配公司清偿债务后的剩余财产；

　　（七）代表公司参与民事诉讼活动。

　　第二百三十五条　清算组应当自成立之日起十日内通知债权人，并于六十日内在报纸上或者国家企业信用信息公示系统公告。债权人应当自接到通知之日起三十日内，未接到通知的自公告之日起四十五日内，向清算组申报其债权。

　　债权人申报债权，应当说明债权的有关事项，并提供证明材料。清算组应当对债权进行登记。

　　在申报债权期间，清算组不得对债权人进行清偿。

　　第二百三十六条　清算组在清理公司财产、编制资产负债表和财产清单后，应当制订清算方案，并报股东会或者人民法院确认。

　　公司财产在分别支付清算费用、职工的工资、社会保险费用和法定补偿金，缴纳所欠税款，清偿公司债务后的剩余财产，有限责任公司按照股东的出资比例分配，股份有限公司按照股东持有的股份比例分配。

　　清算期间，公司存续，但不得开展与清算无关的经营活动。公司财产在未依照前款规定清偿前，不得分配给股东。

　　第二百三十七条　清算组在清理公司财产、编制资产负债表和财产清单后，发现公司财产不足清偿债务的，应当依法向人民法院申请破产清算。

　　人民法院受理破产申请后，清算组应当将清算事务移交给人民法院指定的破产管理人。

　　第二百三十八条　清算组成员履行清算职责，负有忠实义务和勤勉义务。

　　清算组成员怠于履行清算职责，给公司造成损失的，应当承担赔偿责任；因故意或者重大过失给债权人造成损失的，应当承担赔偿责任。

　　第二百三十九条　公司清算结束后，清算组应当制作清算报告，报股东会或者人民法院确认，并报送公司登记机关，申请注销公司登记。

　　第二百四十条　公司在存续期间未产生债务，或者已清偿全部债务的，经全体股东承诺，可以按照规定通过简易程序注销公司登记。

　　通过简易程序注销公司登记，应当通过国家企业信用信息公示系统予以公告，公告期限不少于二十日。公告期限届满后，未有异议的，公司可以在二十日内向公司登记机关申请注销公司登记。

　　公司通过简易程序注销公司登记，股东对本条第一款规定的内容承诺不实的，应当对注销登记前的债务承担连带责任。

　　第二百四十一条　公司被吊销营业执照、责令关闭或者被撤销，满三年未向公司登记机关申请注销公司登记的，公司登记机关可以通过国家企业信用信息公示系统予以公告，公告期限不少于六十日。公告期限届满后，未有异议的，公司登记机关可以注销公司登记。

　　依照前款规定注销公司登记的，原公司股东、清算义务人的责任不受影响。

　　第二百四十二条　公司被依法宣告破产的，依照有关企业破产的法律实施破产清算。

　　第十三章　外国公司的分支机构

　　第二百四十三条　本法所称外国公司，是指依照外国法律在中华人民共和国境外设立的公司。

　　第二百四十四条　外国公司在中华人民共和国境内设立分支机构，应当向中国主管机关提出申请，并提交其公司章程、所属国的公司登记证书等有关文件，经批准后，向公司登记机关依法办理登记，领取营业执照。

　　外国公司分支机构的审批办法由国务院另行规定。

　　第二百四十五条　外国公司在中华人民共和国境内设立分支机构，应当在中华人民共和国境内指定负责该分支机构的代表人或者代理人，并向该分支机构拨付与其所从事的经营活动相适应的资金。

　　对外国公司分支机构的经营资金需要规定最低限额的，由国务院另行规定。

　　第二百四十六条　外国公司的分支机构应当在其名称中标明该外国公司的国籍及责任形式。

　　外国公司的分支机构应当在本机构中置备该外国公司章程。

　　第二百四十七条　外国公司在中华人民共和国境内设立的分支机构不具有中国法人资格。

　　外国公司对其分支机构在中华人民共和国境内进行经营活动承担民事责任。

　　第二百四十八条　经批准设立的外国公司分支机构，在中华人民共和国境内从事业务活动，应当遵守中国的法律，不得损害中国的社会公共利益，其合法权益受中国法律保护。

　　第二百四十九条　外国公司撤销其在中华人民共和国境内的分支机构时，应当依法清偿债务，依照本法有关公司清算程序的规定进行清算。未清偿债务之前，不得将其分支机构的财产转移至中华人民共和国境外。

　　第十四章　法律责任

　　第二百五十条　违反本法规定，虚报注册资本、提交虚假材料或者采取其他欺诈手段隐瞒重要事实取得公司登记的，由公司登记机关责令改正，对虚报注册资本的公司，处以虚报注册资本金额百分之五以上百分之十五以下的罚款；对提交虚假材料或者采取其他欺诈手段隐瞒重要事实的公司，处以五万元以上二百万元以下的罚款；情节严重的，吊销营业执照；对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员处以三万元以上三十万元以下的罚款。

　　第二百五十一条　公司未依照本法第四十条规定公示有关信息或者不如实公示有关信息的，由公司登记机关责令改正，可以处以一万元以上五万元以下的罚款。情节严重的，处以五万元以上二十万元以下的罚款；对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员处以一万元以上十万元以下的罚款。

　　第二百五十二条　公司的发起人、股东虚假出资，未交付或者未按期交付作为出资的货币或者非货币财产的，由公司登记机关责令改正，可以处以五万元以上二十万元以下的罚款；情节严重的，处以虚假出资或者未出资金额百分之五以上百分之十五以下的罚款；对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员处以一万元以上十万元以下的罚款。

　　第二百五十三条　公司的发起人、股东在公司成立后，抽逃其出资的，由公司登记机关责令改正，处以所抽逃出资金额百分之五以上百分之十五以下的罚款；对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员处以三万元以上三十万元以下的罚款。

　　第二百五十四条　有下列行为之一的，由县级以上人民政府财政部门依照《中华人民共和国会计法》等法律、行政法规的规定处罚：

　　（一）在法定的会计账簿以外另立会计账簿；

　　（二）提供存在虚假记载或者隐瞒重要事实的财务会计报告。

　　第二百五十五条　公司在合并、分立、减少注册资本或者进行清算时，不依照本法规定通知或者公告债权人的，由公司登记机关责令改正，对公司处以一万元以上十万元以下的罚款。

　　第二百五十六条　公司在进行清算时，隐匿财产，对资产负债表或者财产清单作虚假记载，或者在未清偿债务前分配公司财产的，由公司登记机关责令改正，对公司处以隐匿财产或者未清偿债务前分配公司财产金额百分之五以上百分之十以下的罚款；对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员处以一万元以上十万元以下的罚款。

　　第二百五十七条　承担资产评估、验资或者验证的机构提供虚假材料或者提供有重大遗漏的报告的，由有关部门依照《中华人民共和国资产评估法》、《中华人民共和国注册会计师法》等法律、行政法规的规定处罚。

　　承担资产评估、验资或者验证的机构因其出具的评估结果、验资或者验证证明不实，给公司债权人造成损失的，除能够证明自己没有过错的外，在其评估或者证明不实的金额范围内承担赔偿责任。

　　第二百五十八条　公司登记机关违反法律、行政法规规定未履行职责或者履行职责不当的，对负有责任的领导人员和直接责任人员依法给予政务处分。

　　第二百五十九条　未依法登记为有限责任公司或者股份有限公司，而冒用有限责任公司或者股份有限公司名义的，或者未依法登记为有限责任公司或者股份有限公司的分公司，而冒用有限责任公司或者股份有限公司的分公司名义的，由公司登记机关责令改正或者予以取缔，可以并处十万元以下的罚款。

　　第二百六十条　公司成立后无正当理由超过六个月未开业的，或者开业后自行停业连续六个月以上的，公司登记机关可以吊销营业执照，但公司依法办理歇业的除外。

　　公司登记事项发生变更时，未依照本法规定办理有关变更登记的，由公司登记机关责令限期登记；逾期不登记的，处以一万元以上十万元以下的罚款。

　　第二百六十一条　外国公司违反本法规定，擅自在中华人民共和国境内设立分支机构的，由公司登记机关责令改正或者关闭，可以并处五万元以上二十万元以下的罚款。

　　第二百六十二条　利用公司名义从事危害国家安全、社会公共利益的严重违法行为的，吊销营业执照。

　　第二百六十三条　公司违反本法规定，应当承担民事赔偿责任和缴纳罚款、罚金的，其财产不足以支付时，先承担民事赔偿责任。

　　第二百六十四条　违反本法规定，构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。

　　第十五章　附　　则

　　第二百六十五条　本法下列用语的含义：

　　（一）高级管理人员，是指公司的经理、副经理、财务负责人，上市公司董事会秘书和公司章程规定的其他人员。

　　（二）控股股东，是指其出资额占有限责任公司资本总额超过百分之五十或者其持有的股份占股份有限公司股本总额超过百分之五十的股东；出资额或者持有股份的比例虽然低于百分之五十，但依其出资额或者持有的股份所享有的表决权已足以对股东会的决议产生重大影响的股东。

　　（三）实际控制人，是指通过投资关系、协议或者其他安排，能够实际支配公司行为的人。

　　（四）关联关系，是指公司控股股东、实际控制人、董事、监事、高级管理人员与其直接或者间接控制的企业之间的关系，以及可能导致公司利益转移的其他关系。但是，国家控股的企业之间不仅因为同受国家控股而具有关联关系。

　　第二百六十六条　本法自2024年7月1日起施行。

本法施行前已登记设立的公司，出资期限超过本法规定的期限的，除法律、行政法规或者国务院另有规定外，应当逐步调整至本法规定的期限以内；对于出资期限、出资额明显异常的，公司登记机关可以依法要求其及时调整。具体实施办法由国务院规定。

 

 

 

 

 

 

Company Law of the People's Republic of China

(Adopted at the fifth meeting of the Standing Committee of the Eighth National People's Congress on December 29, 1993, in accordance with the "On Amending the Company of the People's Republic of China" at the Thirteenth Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress on December 25, 1999 The first amendment was based on the "Decision on Amending the Company Law of the People's Republic of China" at the 11th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 10th National People's Congress on August 28, 2004. The second amendment was in October 2005. The first revision was made at the 18th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 10th National People's Congress on December 27, 2013, in accordance with the "About the Revision of the Oceans of the People's Republic of China" at the 6th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 12th National People's Congress on December 28, 2013. The third amendment is based on the Decision on Amending the Company Law of the People's Republic of China at the sixth meeting of the Standing Committee of the 13th National People's Congress on October 26, 2018. Fourth revision (second revision at the seventh meeting of the Standing Committee of the 14th National People's Congress on December 29, 2023)

 

Table of contents

 

Chapter 1 General Provisions

 

Chapter 2 Company Registration

 

Chapter 3 Establishment and Organizational Structure of a Limited Liability Company

 

Section 1 Establishment

 

Section 2 Organizational Structure

 

Chapter 4 Equity Transfer of Limited Liability Company

 

Chapter 5 Establishment and organizational structure of a joint stock limited company

 

Section 1 Establishment

 

Section 2 Shareholders’ Meeting

 

Section 3 Board of Directors, Managers

 

Section 4 Supervisory Board

 

Section 5 Special Provisions on the Organizational Structure of Listed Companies

 

Chapter 6 Issuance and Transfer of Shares of a Joint Stock Company

 

Section 1 Share Issuance

 

Section 2 Share Transfer

 

Chapter 7 Special Provisions on the Organizational Structure of State-Invested Companies

 

Chapter 8 Qualifications and Obligations of Company Directors, Supervisors and Senior Managers

 

Chapter 9 Corporate Bonds

 

Chapter 10 Corporate Finance and Accounting

 

Chapter 11 Company Merger, Split, Capital Increase, Capital Reduction

 

Chapter 12 Company Dissolution and Liquidation

 

Chapter 13 Branches of Foreign Companies

 

Chapter 14 Legal Liability

 

Chapter 15 Supplementary Provisions

 

Chapter 1 General Provisions

 

Article 1 In order to regulate the company's organization and behavior, protect the legitimate rights and interests of the company, shareholders, employees and creditors, improve the modern enterprise system with Chinese characteristics, promote entrepreneurship, maintain social and economic order, and promote the development of the socialist market economy, in accordance with the Constitution , enact this law.

 

Article 2 The term "company" as mentioned in this Law refers to limited liability companies and joint-stock companies established within the territory of the People's Republic of China in accordance with this Law.

 

Article 3 A company is an enterprise legal person, has independent legal person property, and enjoys legal person property rights. The entirety of the company's property is liable for the company's debts.

 

The company's legitimate rights and interests are protected by law and shall not be infringed upon.

 

Article 4 The shareholders of a limited liability company shall be liable to the company to the extent of the capital contribution they have subscribed; the shareholders of a joint stock company to be liable to the company shall be limited to the amount of shares they have subscribed.

 

The company's shareholders enjoy the rights to the company's asset returns, participate in major decisions, and choose managers according to law.

 

Article 5 When establishing a company, the company's articles of association shall be formulated in accordance with the law. The company's articles of association are binding on the company, shareholders, directors, supervisors, and senior managers.

 

Article 6 A company should have its own name. The company name should comply with relevant national regulations.

 

The company's name rights are protected by law.

 

Article 7 A limited liability company established in accordance with this Law shall indicate the words "limited liability company" or "limited company" in the company name.

 

A joint-stock company established in accordance with this Law shall indicate the words joint-stock company or joint-stock company in the company name.

 

Article 8 A company shall be domiciled at the location of its main office.

 

Article 9 The company's business scope is stipulated in the company's articles of association. A company can amend its articles of association and change its business scope.

 

Projects within the company's business scope that are subject to approval under laws and administrative regulations must be approved in accordance with the law.

 

Article 10 The legal representative of a company shall, in accordance with the provisions of the company's articles of association, be the director or manager who performs corporate affairs on behalf of the company.

 

If a director or manager who serves as the legal representative resigns, he shall be deemed to have resigned as the legal representative at the same time.

 

If the legal representative resigns, the company shall determine a new legal representative within thirty days from the date of resignation of the legal representative.

 

Article 11 The legal consequences of civil activities conducted by the legal representative in the name of the company shall be borne by the company.

 

The restrictions on the powers of the legal representative in the company's articles of association or the shareholders' meeting shall not antagonize bona fide counterparties.

 

If the legal representative causes damage to others due to the performance of his duties, the company shall bear civil liability. After the company assumes civil liability, it may recover compensation from the at-fault legal representative in accordance with the provisions of the law or the company's articles of association.

 

Article 12 When a limited liability company is changed into a joint-stock company, it shall comply with the conditions for a joint-stock company stipulated in this Law. To change a joint-stock company into a limited liability company, it must meet the conditions for a limited liability company stipulated in this Law.

 

If a limited liability company is changed into a joint-stock company, or a joint-stock company is changed into a limited liability company, the claims and debts of the company before the change shall be inherited by the company after the change.

 

Article 13 A company may establish subsidiaries. Subsidiaries have legal personality and independently bear civil liability in accordance with the law.

 

A company can set up branches. A branch does not have legal personality and its civil liability shall be borne by the company.

 

Article 14 The company may invest in other enterprises.

 

If the law stipulates that a company shall not become an investor jointly and severally liable for the debts of the enterprise it invests in, such provisions shall prevail.

 

Article 15 When a company invests in other enterprises or provides guarantees for others, it shall be resolved by the board of directors or shareholders' meeting in accordance with the provisions of the company's articles of association; if the company's articles of association have limits on the total amount of investment or guarantee and the amount of a single investment or guarantee, the amount shall not exceed prescribed limits.

 

If the company provides guarantees for the company's shareholders or actual controllers, it must be resolved by the shareholders' meeting.

 

The shareholders stipulated in the preceding paragraph or the shareholders controlled by the actual controller stipulated in the preceding paragraph shall not participate in voting on the matters stipulated in the preceding paragraph. The vote shall be passed by more than half of the voting rights held by other shareholders present at the meeting.

 

Article 16 Companies should protect the legitimate rights and interests of employees, sign labor contracts with employees in accordance with the law, participate in social insurance, strengthen labor protection, and achieve safe production.

 

Companies should adopt various forms to strengthen vocational education and job training for company employees and improve the quality of employees.

 

Article 17 Company employees organize trade unions in accordance with the Trade Union Law of the People's Republic of China, carry out trade union activities, and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of employees. The company shall provide necessary activity conditions for the company's trade union. The company's labor union represents the employees and signs a collective contract with the company in accordance with the law on matters such as labor remuneration, working hours, rest and vacation, labor safety and health, and insurance benefits.

 

In accordance with the provisions of the Constitution and relevant laws, the company has established and improved a democratic management system with the workers' congress as the basic form, and implemented democratic management through the workers' congress or other forms.

 

When a company considers and decides on restructuring, dissolution, filing for bankruptcy, major issues in operations, or formulating important rules and regulations, it shall listen to the opinions of the company's labor union and listen to the opinions and suggestions of employees through the workers' representative conference or other forms.

 

Article 18 In the company, in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution of the Communist Party of China, an organization of the Communist Party of China shall be established to carry out party activities. The company should provide necessary conditions for the activities of party organizations.

 

Article 19 When conducting business activities, companies shall abide by laws and regulations, abide by social ethics and business ethics, be honest and trustworthy, and accept supervision from the government and the public.

 

Article 20 When a company engages in business activities, it shall fully consider the interests of its employees, consumers and other stakeholders as well as social public interests such as ecological and environmental protection, and assume social responsibilities.

 

The state encourages companies to participate in social welfare activities and publish social responsibility reports.

 

Article 21 A company's shareholders shall abide by laws, administrative regulations and the company's articles of association, exercise shareholder rights in accordance with the law, and shall not abuse shareholder rights to harm the interests of the company or other shareholders.

 

If a company's shareholders abuse their rights and cause losses to the company or other shareholders, they shall be liable for compensation.

 

Article 22 The company’s controlling shareholders, actual controllers, directors, supervisors, and senior managers shall not use related relationships to harm the interests of the company.

 

Anyone who violates the provisions of the preceding paragraph and causes losses to the company shall be liable for compensation.

 

Article 23 If a company's shareholders abuse the company's independent status as a legal person and the limited liability of shareholders, evade debts and seriously damage the interests of the company's creditors, they shall bear joint and several liability for the company's debts.

 

If a shareholder uses two or more companies under his control to carry out the acts specified in the preceding paragraph, each company shall bear joint and several liability for the debts of any company.

 

In a company with only one shareholder, if the shareholder cannot prove that the company's property is independent of the shareholder's own property, he shall bear joint and several liability for the company's debts.

 

Article 24 The company's shareholders' meeting, board of directors, and board of supervisors may hold meetings and vote by electronic communication, unless otherwise provided in the company's articles of association.

 

Article 25 The resolutions of the company’s shareholders’ meeting and board of directors are invalid if they violate laws and administrative regulations.

 

Article 26 If the convening procedures or voting methods of the company's shareholders' meeting or board of directors' meeting violate laws, administrative regulations or the company's articles of association, or the content of the resolution violates the company's articles of association, shareholders may request the people's court to revoke the resolution within sixty days from the date the resolution is made. . However, there are only minor flaws in the convening procedures or voting methods of the shareholders' meeting or the board of directors' meeting, which do not have a substantial impact on the resolution.

 

Shareholders who have not been notified to participate in the shareholders' meeting may request the people's court to revoke the resolution within 60 days from the date when they know or should know that the resolution is made; if they do not exercise the right to revoke within one year from the date the resolution is made, the right to revoke shall be extinguished.

 

Article 27 If any of the following circumstances occurs, the resolution of the company’s shareholders’ meeting or board of directors will be invalid:

 

(1) No shareholders’ meeting or board of directors meeting was held to make resolutions;

 

(2) The shareholders’ meeting and the board of directors’ meeting did not vote on resolution matters;

 

(3) The number of people attending the meeting or the number of voting rights held does not reach the number or number of voting rights stipulated in this Law or the company's articles of association;

 

(4) The number of people or the number of voting rights they hold who agree to the resolution does not reach the number of people or the number of voting rights they hold as stipulated in this Law or the company's articles of association.

 

Article 28 If a resolution of a company's shareholders' meeting or board of directors is declared invalid, revoked or confirmed to be invalid by the people's court, the company shall apply to the company registration authority to cancel the registration that has been processed based on the resolution.

 

If the resolutions of the shareholders' meeting or the board of directors are declared invalid, revoked or confirmed to be invalid by the people's court, the civil legal relationship formed between the company and its bona fide counterparties based on the resolution will not be affected.

 

Chapter 2 Company Registration

 

Article 29 To establish a company, one must apply for establishment registration to the company registration authority in accordance with the law.

 

If laws and administrative regulations stipulate that the establishment of a company must be subject to approval, the approval procedures must be completed in accordance with the law before the company is registered.

 

Article 30 When applying for the establishment of a company, an application for establishment registration, articles of association and other documents shall be submitted, and the relevant materials submitted shall be true, legal and valid.

 

If the application materials are incomplete or do not comply with the legal form, the company registration authority shall notify the company of the materials that need to be supplemented and corrected at once.

 

Article 31 If an application for the establishment of a company meets the establishment conditions stipulated in this Law, it shall be registered as a limited liability company or a joint-stock company by the company registration authority; if it does not meet the establishment conditions stipulated in this Law, it shall not be registered as a limited liability company or a joint-stock company. Co., Ltd.

 

Article 32 Company registration matters include:

 

(1) Name;

 

(2) Residence;

 

(3) Registered capital;

 

(4) Business scope;

 

(5) The name of the legal representative;

 

(6) The names of shareholders of a limited liability company and promoters of a joint stock company.

 

The company registration authority shall disclose the company registration matters specified in the preceding paragraph to the public through the national enterprise credit information disclosure system.

 

Article 33 A company established in accordance with the law shall be issued a business license by the company registration authority. The date of issue of the company's business license is the date of establishment of the company.

 

The company's business license shall specify the company's name, address, registered capital, business scope, name of the legal representative and other matters.

 

The company registration authority may issue an electronic business license. Electronic business licenses have the same legal effect as paper business licenses.

 

Article 34 If a company's registered items are changed, the change registration shall be carried out in accordance with the law.

 

Company registration matters that have not been registered or have not been changed in registration shall not be used against bona fide counterparties.

 

Article 35 When a company applies for change registration, it shall submit to the company registration authority an application for change registration signed by the company's legal representative, a change resolution or decision made in accordance with the law, and other documents.

 

If the company's registration change involves modifying the company's articles of association, the revised company's articles of association shall be submitted.

 

If the company changes its legal representative, the change registration application shall be signed by the changed legal representative.

 

Article 36 If the matters recorded in the company's business license change, the company registration authority will renew the business license after the company handles the change registration.

 

Article 37 If a company needs to be terminated due to dissolution, declaration of bankruptcy or other statutory reasons, it shall apply to the company registration authority for deregistration in accordance with the law, and the company registration authority shall announce the company's termination.

 

Article 38 When a company establishes a branch, it shall apply to the company registration authority for registration and obtain a business license.

 

Article 39 If a company is registered by falsely reporting its registered capital, submitting false materials or using other fraudulent means to conceal important facts, the company registration authority shall revoke it in accordance with the provisions of laws and administrative regulations.

 

Article 40 The company shall disclose the following matters through the national enterprise credit information disclosure system in accordance with regulations:

 

(1) The amount of capital contribution subscribed and paid by shareholders of a limited liability company, the method and date of capital contribution, and the number of shares subscribed by the promoters of a joint stock company;

 

(2) Equity and share change information of shareholders of limited liability companies and promoters of joint stock companies;

 

(3) Administrative license acquisition, change, cancellation and other information;

 

(4) Other information stipulated by laws and administrative regulations.

 

The company shall ensure that the information disclosed in the preceding paragraph is true, accurate and complete.

 

Article 41 The company registration authority shall optimize the company registration process, improve company registration efficiency, strengthen informatization construction, promote online processing and other convenient methods, and improve the level of company registration facilitation.

 

The market supervision and administration department of the State Council shall formulate specific measures for company registration in accordance with the provisions of this Law and relevant laws and administrative regulations.

 

Chapter 3 Establishment and Organizational Structure of a Limited Liability Company

 

Section 1 Establishment

 

Article 42 A limited liability company shall be established with capital contribution from one to fifty shareholders.

 

Article 43 When a limited liability company is established, shareholders may sign an establishment agreement to clarify their respective rights and obligations during the company's establishment process.

 

Article 44 When a limited liability company is established, shareholders engage in civil activities for the purpose of establishing the company, and the legal consequences shall be borne by the company.

 

If the company is not established, its legal consequences shall be borne by the shareholders at the time of establishment; if there are two or more shareholders at the time of establishment, they shall enjoy joint claims and bear joint and several debts.

 

The third party has the right to choose to request the company or the shareholders at the time of its establishment to bear the civil liabilities arising from the establishment of the company when the shareholders engage in civil activities in their own names.

 

If a shareholder at the time of establishment causes damage to others due to the performance of the company's establishment duties, the company or the shareholder without fault may recover compensation from the shareholder at fault after assuming liability for compensation.

 

Article 45 When establishing a limited liability company, the shareholders shall jointly formulate the company's articles of association.

 

Article 46 The articles of association of a limited liability company shall specify the following matters:

 

(1) Company name and address;

 

(2) The company’s business scope;

 

(3) Registered capital of the company;

 

(4) The name of the shareholder;

 

(5) The shareholder’s capital contribution amount, capital contribution method and capital contribution date;

 

(6) The organization of the company, its establishment method, powers, and rules of procedure;

 

(7) Methods for the creation and change of the company’s legal representative;

 

(8) Other matters deemed necessary by the shareholders' meeting.

 

Shareholders should sign or seal the articles of association.

 

Article 47 The registered capital of a limited liability company shall be the capital contribution subscribed by all shareholders registered with the company registration authority. The capital contribution subscribed by all shareholders shall be paid in full within five years from the date of establishment of the company in accordance with the provisions of the company's articles of association.

 

If laws, administrative regulations and decisions of the State Council otherwise stipulate the paid-in registered capital of a limited liability company, the minimum amount of registered capital, and the period for shareholders' capital contribution, such provisions shall prevail.

 

Article 48 Shareholders may make capital contributions in currency, or in kind, intellectual property rights, land use rights, equity, creditor's rights and other non-monetary properties that can be valued in currency and transferred in accordance with the law; however, laws and administrative regulations may not Except for property contributed as capital.

 

Non-monetary property used as capital contribution must be evaluated and verified, and the property must not be overvalued or undervalued. If laws and administrative regulations have provisions on valuation and valuation, those provisions shall prevail.

 

Article 49 Shareholders shall pay the capital contribution amount stipulated in the company's articles of association in full and on time.

 

If a shareholder contributes capital in currency, the full amount of the monetary contribution shall be deposited into the limited liability company's bank account; if the shareholder contributes capital in non-monetary property, the transfer procedures for its property rights shall be completed in accordance with the law.

 

If a shareholder fails to pay the capital contribution in full on time, in addition to paying the full amount to the company, he shall also be liable for compensation for the losses caused to the company.

 

Article 50 When a limited liability company is established, if a shareholder fails to actually pay the capital contribution in accordance with the company's articles of association, or the actual value of the non-monetary property actually contributed is significantly lower than the amount of capital contribution subscribed, the other shareholders at the time of establishment and the shareholder shall Bear joint and several liability within the scope of insufficient capital contribution.

 

Article 51 After the establishment of a limited liability company, the board of directors shall verify the shareholder's capital contribution. If it is found that the shareholder has not paid the capital contribution stipulated in the company's articles of association in full and on time, the company shall issue a written reminder to the shareholder to call for the capital contribution. .

 

If the company fails to perform its obligations specified in the preceding paragraph in a timely manner and causes losses to the company, the responsible director shall be liable for compensation.

 

Article 52 If a shareholder fails to pay the capital contribution in accordance with the capital contribution date stipulated in the company's articles of association, and the company issues a written call to pay the capital contribution in accordance with the provisions of paragraph 1 of the preceding article, the grace period for payment of the capital contribution may be specified; the grace period begins when the company issues the call It shall not be less than sixty days from the date of writing. If the grace period expires and a shareholder has not fulfilled its capital contribution obligation, the company may, by resolution of the board of directors, issue a notice of loss of rights to the shareholder, and the notice shall be issued in writing. From the date of issuance of the notice, the shareholder loses his or her unpaid capital contribution.

 

The equity lost in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph shall be transferred in accordance with the law, or the registered capital shall be reduced accordingly and the equity shall be canceled; if the equity is not transferred or canceled within six months, other shareholders of the company shall pay the corresponding capital contribution in full in accordance with their capital contribution proportion.

 

If a shareholder has objections to the loss of rights, he or she shall file a lawsuit with the People's Court within thirty days from the date of receipt of the notice of loss of rights.

 

Article 53 After the company is established, shareholders shall not withdraw their capital.

 

If the provisions of the preceding paragraph are violated, the shareholder shall return the withdrawn capital; if losses are caused to the company, the responsible directors, supervisors, and senior managers shall bear joint and several liability for compensation with the shareholder.

 

Article 54 If the company is unable to pay off its due debts, the company or its creditors whose claims have expired have the right to require shareholders who have subscribed for capital contributions but have not yet expired to pay their capital contributions in advance.

 

Article 55 After a limited liability company is established, an investment certificate shall be issued to the shareholders, recording the following matters:

 

(1) Company name;

 

(2) Date of company establishment;

 

(3) Registered capital of the company;

 

(4) The name of the shareholder, the amount of capital contribution subscribed and paid in, the method of capital contribution and the date of capital contribution;

 

(5) The number and issuance date of the investment certificate.

 

The investment certificate shall be signed by the legal representative and stamped by the company.

 

Article 56 A limited liability company shall prepare a shareholder register and record the following matters:

 

(1) Name and address of the shareholder;

 

(2) The amount of capital contribution subscribed and paid by shareholders, the method of capital contribution and the date of capital contribution;

 

(3) Investment certificate number;

 

(4) Dates of obtaining and losing shareholder qualifications.

 

Shareholders recorded in the shareholder register may claim to exercise shareholder rights in accordance with the shareholder register.

 

Article 57 Shareholders have the right to inspect and copy the company's articles of association, shareholder list, shareholders' meeting minutes, board meeting resolutions, supervisory board meeting resolutions and financial accounting reports.

 

Shareholders may request to inspect the company's accounting books and accounting vouchers. If a shareholder requests to inspect the company's accounting books and accounting vouchers, he or she shall submit a written request to the company stating the purpose. If the company has reasonable grounds to believe that a shareholder's inspection of accounting books and accounting vouchers has improper purposes and may harm the company's legitimate interests, it may refuse to provide inspection and shall reply to the shareholder in writing and explain the reasons within 15 days from the date of the shareholder's written request. If the company refuses to provide inspection, the shareholder may file a lawsuit with the People's Court.

 

Shareholders may entrust accounting firms, law firms and other intermediaries to review the materials specified in the preceding paragraph.

 

Shareholders and their entrusted accounting firms, law firms and other intermediaries shall abide by laws and administrative regulations on the protection of state secrets, business secrets, personal privacy, personal information and other laws and administrative regulations when accessing and copying relevant materials.

 

If a shareholder requests to review or copy relevant materials of the company's wholly-owned subsidiaries, the provisions of the first four paragraphs shall apply.

 

Section 2 Organizational Structure

 

Article 58 The shareholders' meeting of a limited liability company shall be composed of all shareholders. The shareholders' meeting is the company's authority and shall exercise its powers in accordance with this Law.

 

Article 59 The shareholders' meeting shall exercise the following powers:

 

(1) Elect and replace directors and supervisors, and decide on remuneration matters for directors and supervisors;

 

(2) Review and approve the report of the board of directors;

 

(3) Review and approve the report of the Board of Supervisors;

 

(4) Review and approve the company’s profit distribution plan and loss compensation plan;

 

(5) Make a resolution to increase or decrease the company’s registered capital;

 

(6) Make a resolution on the issuance of corporate bonds;

 

(7) Make resolutions on the merger, division, dissolution, liquidation or change of company form;

 

(8) Modify the company's articles of association;

 

(9) Other powers stipulated in the company's articles of association.

 

The shareholders' meeting can authorize the board of directors to make a resolution on the issuance of corporate bonds.

 

If shareholders unanimously express their consent in writing to the matters listed in paragraph 1 of this article, they may make a decision directly without convening a shareholders' meeting, and all shareholders shall sign or seal the decision document.

 

Article 60 A limited liability company with only one shareholder does not have a shareholders' meeting. When a shareholder makes a decision on the matters listed in paragraph 1 of the preceding article, it shall be in writing, signed or sealed by the shareholder, and then retained in the company.

 

Article 61 The first shareholders' meeting shall be convened and chaired by the shareholder with the largest capital contribution, and shall exercise its powers in accordance with the provisions of this Law.

 

Article 62 Shareholders' meetings are divided into regular meetings and extraordinary meetings.

 

Regular meetings should be held on time in accordance with the provisions of the company's articles of association. If shareholders representing more than one-tenth of the voting rights, more than one-third of the directors or the board of supervisors propose to convene a temporary meeting, a temporary meeting shall be held.

 

Article 63 The shareholders' meeting shall be convened by the Board of Directors and presided over by the Chairman; if the Chairman is unable or fails to perform his duties, the Vice Chairman shall preside over it; if the Vice Chairman is unable or fails to perform his duties, he shall be jointly elected by more than half of the directors. A director presides.

 

If the board of directors is unable or fails to perform its duty to convene a shareholders' meeting, the board of supervisors shall convene and preside over it; if the board of supervisors fails to convene and preside over it, shareholders representing more than one-tenth of the voting rights may convene and preside over it themselves.

 

Article 64 When convening a shareholders' meeting, all shareholders shall be notified fifteen days before the meeting; however, unless otherwise provided for in the company's articles of association or otherwise agreed upon by all shareholders.

 

The shareholders' meeting shall keep minutes of the decisions on the matters discussed, and shareholders attending the meeting shall sign or seal the minutes.

 

Article 65 At the shareholders' meeting, shareholders shall exercise their voting rights in accordance with the proportion of their capital contributions; however, unless otherwise provided in the company's articles of association.

 

Article 66 The discussion methods and voting procedures of the shareholders' meeting shall be stipulated in the company's articles of association, except as otherwise provided for in this Law.

 

Resolutions made by the shareholders' meeting must be approved by shareholders representing more than half of the voting rights.

 

Resolutions made by the shareholders' meeting to amend the company's articles of association, increase or decrease the registered capital, as well as resolutions to merge, split, dissolve or change the company's form must be approved by shareholders representing more than two-thirds of the voting rights.

 

Article 67 A limited liability company shall have a board of directors, except as otherwise provided for in Article 75 of this Law.

 

The board of directors exercises the following powers:

 

(1) Convene the shareholders’ meeting and report work to the shareholders’ meeting;

 

(2) Implement the resolutions of the shareholders’ meeting;

 

(3) Determine the company’s business plan and investment plan;

 

(4) Formulate the company’s profit distribution plan and loss compensation plan;

 

(5) Formulate plans for the company to increase or reduce its registered capital and issue corporate bonds;

 

(6) Formulate plans for company merger, division, dissolution or change of company form;

 

(7) Decide on the establishment of the company’s internal management organization;

 

(8) Decide on the appointment or dismissal of the company’s manager and his remuneration matters, and decide on the appointment or dismissal of the company’s deputy manager, financial director and their remuneration matters based on the manager’s nomination;

 

(9) Formulate the company’s basic management system;

 

(10) Other powers stipulated in the company's articles of association or granted by the shareholders' meeting.

 

The restrictions on the powers of the board of directors in the company's articles of association shall not be used against bona fide counterparts.

 

Article 68 The board of directors of a limited liability company shall have more than three members, and one of the members may include employee representatives of the company. For a limited liability company with more than 300 employees, in addition to having a board of supervisors and employee representatives of the company in accordance with the law, there should be employee representatives of the company among the members of the board of directors. The employee representatives on the board of directors are democratically elected by the company's employees through employee congresses, workers' conferences or other forms of democracy.

 

The board of directors shall have one chairman and may have a vice chairman. The methods for selecting the chairman and vice-chairman shall be stipulated in the company's articles of association.

 

Article 69 A limited liability company may set up an audit committee composed of directors on the board of directors in accordance with the provisions of the company's articles of association to exercise the powers of the board of supervisors stipulated in this law without having a board of supervisors or supervisors. Employee representatives who are members of the company's board of directors can become members of the audit committee.

 

Article 70 The term of office of directors shall be stipulated in the company's articles of association, but each term shall not exceed three years. When a director's term expires, he or she may be re-elected.

 

If a director fails to be re-elected in time when his term of office expires, or if a director resigns during his term and the number of board members falls below the quorum, the original director shall still perform his duties as a director in accordance with the provisions of laws, administrative regulations and the company's articles of association until the re-elected director takes office.

 

If a director resigns, he shall notify the company in writing. The resignation shall take effect on the date the company receives the notice. However, if the circumstances specified in the preceding paragraph exist, the director shall continue to perform his duties.

 

Article 71 The shareholders' meeting may resolve to dismiss a director, and the dismissal shall take effect on the date the resolution is made.

 

If a director is dismissed before the expiration of his term without justifiable reasons, the director may request the company to compensate him.

 

Article 72 Board of Directors meetings shall be convened and presided over by the Chairman; if the Chairman is unable or fails to perform his duties, the Vice Chairman shall convene and preside over them; if the Vice Chairman is unable or fails to perform his duties, he shall be jointly elected by more than half of the directors. A director convenes and presides.

 

Article 73 The discussion methods and voting procedures of the board of directors shall be stipulated in the company's articles of association, except as otherwise provided for in this Law.

 

Board meetings can only be held if more than half of the directors are present. Resolutions made by the board of directors must be approved by more than half of all directors.

 

Voting on resolutions of the board of directors shall be one person, one vote.

 

The board of directors shall keep minutes of its decisions on matters discussed, and the directors present at the meeting shall sign on the minutes.

 

Article 74 A limited liability company may have a manager, whose appointment or dismissal shall be determined by the board of directors.

 

The manager is responsible to the board of directors and exercises his powers in accordance with the provisions of the company's articles of association or the authorization of the board of directors. Managers attend board meetings.

 

Article 75 A limited liability company with a small scale or a small number of shareholders may not have a board of directors and may have one director to exercise the functions and powers of the board of directors as stipulated in this Law. The director may also serve as a manager of the company.

 

Article 76 A limited liability company shall have a board of supervisors, except as otherwise provided for in Articles 69 and 83 of this Law.

 

The number of members of the supervisory board shall be three or more. The members of the board of supervisors shall include shareholder representatives and an appropriate proportion of the company's employee representatives, of which the proportion of employee representatives shall not be less than one-third. The specific proportion shall be stipulated in the company's articles of association. The employee representatives on the board of supervisors are democratically elected by the company's employees through employee congresses, workers' conferences or other forms of democracy.

 

The Board of Supervisors shall have a chairman who shall be elected by a majority of all supervisors. The chairman of the board of supervisors shall convene and preside over the meeting of the board of supervisors; if the chairman of the board of supervisors is unable or fails to perform his duties, more than half of the supervisors shall jointly elect a supervisor to convene and preside over the meeting of the board of supervisors.

 

Directors and senior managers may not concurrently serve as supervisors.

 

Article 77 The term of office of supervisors shall be three years. When the supervisor's term expires, he or she may be re-elected.

 

If a supervisor's term of office expires and is not re-elected in time, or if a supervisor resigns during his term and the number of members of the board of supervisors falls below the quorum, the original supervisor shall still perform his duties as a supervisor in accordance with the provisions of laws, administrative regulations and the company's articles of association until the re-elected supervisor takes office.

 

Article 78 The Board of Supervisors shall exercise the following powers:

 

(1) Check the company’s finances;

 

(2) Supervise the performance of duties by directors and senior managers, and make recommendations for dismissal of directors and senior managers who violate laws, administrative regulations, company articles of association or resolutions of shareholders’ meetings;

 

(3) When the actions of directors and senior managers harm the interests of the company, require directors and senior managers to make corrections;

 

(4) Propose to convene an extraordinary shareholders' meeting, and convene and preside over the shareholders' meeting when the board of directors fails to perform its duties of convening and presiding over the shareholders' meeting as stipulated in this Law;

 

(5) Put forward proposals to the shareholders’ meeting;

 

(6) Initiate lawsuits against directors and senior managers in accordance with the provisions of Article 189 of this Law;

 

(7) Other powers stipulated in the company's articles of association.

 

Article 79 Supervisors may attend board meetings as non-voting delegates and raise questions or suggestions on matters resolved by the board of directors.

 

If the board of supervisors finds that the company's operating conditions are abnormal, it can conduct an investigation; if necessary, it can hire an accounting firm to assist it in its work at the company's expense.

 

Article 80 The board of supervisors may require directors and senior managers to submit reports on the performance of their duties.

 

Directors and senior managers shall truthfully provide relevant information and information to the board of supervisors and shall not hinder the board of supervisors or supervisors from exercising their powers.

 

Article 81 The Board of Supervisors shall hold at least one meeting every year, and supervisors may propose to convene an extraordinary meeting of the Board of Supervisors.

 

The discussion methods and voting procedures of the board of supervisors shall be stipulated in the company's articles of association, except as otherwise provided for in this Law.

 

Resolutions of the board of supervisors must be passed by more than half of all supervisors.

 

Voting on resolutions of the Board of Supervisors shall be one person, one vote.

 

The board of supervisors shall keep minutes of its decisions on the matters discussed, and the supervisors attending the meeting shall sign on the minutes.

 

Article 82 The expenses necessary for the supervisory board to exercise its powers shall be borne by the company.

 

Article 83 A limited liability company with a small scale or with a small number of shareholders may not have a board of supervisors but may have one supervisor to exercise the powers of the board of supervisors stipulated in this Law; with the unanimous consent of all shareholders, the company may not have a supervisor.

 

Chapter 4 Equity Transfer of Limited Liability Company

 

Article 84 Shareholders of a limited liability company may transfer all or part of their equity to each other.

 

If a shareholder transfers equity to a person other than the shareholder, he or she shall notify the other shareholders in writing of the quantity, price, payment method, time limit and other matters of the equity transfer, and other shareholders shall have the right of first refusal under the same conditions. If a shareholder fails to respond within thirty days from the date of receipt of the written notice, it will be deemed to have waived the right of preemption. If two or more shareholders exercise the right of first refusal, they shall negotiate to determine their respective purchase proportions; if the negotiation fails, the right of first refusal shall be exercised according to the proportion of their respective capital contributions at the time of transfer.

 

If the company's articles of association have other provisions on equity transfer, those provisions shall prevail.

 

Article 85 When the people's court transfers a shareholder's equity in accordance with the enforcement procedures prescribed by law, it shall notify the company and all shareholders that other shareholders have the right of first refusal under the same conditions. If other shareholders do not exercise their preemptive rights within twenty days from the date of notification by the People's Court, they will be deemed to have given up their preemptive rights.

 

Article 86 If a shareholder transfers equity, he shall notify the company in writing and request to change the shareholder list; if a change registration is required, he shall request the company to apply for change registration with the company registration authority. If the company refuses or fails to respond within a reasonable period, the transferor or transferee may file a lawsuit with the People's Court in accordance with the law.

 

In the event of equity transfer, the transferee may claim to exercise shareholder rights against the company from the time it is recorded in the shareholder register.

 

Article 87 After transferring equity in accordance with this Law, the company shall promptly cancel the capital contribution certificates of the original shareholders, issue capital contribution certificates to the new shareholders, and accordingly modify the records of the shareholders and their capital contributions in the company's articles of association and shareholder register. This amendment to the company's articles of association does not need to be voted on by the shareholders' meeting.

 

Article 88 If a shareholder transfers equity for which the capital contribution has been subscribed but the capital contribution period has not expired, the transferee shall bear the obligation to pay the capital contribution; if the transferee fails to pay the capital contribution in full on time, the transferor shall be liable to the transferee for failure to pay the capital contribution on time. The capital contribution paid shall bear supplementary liability.

 

If a shareholder fails to pay the capital contribution in accordance with the capital contribution date stipulated in the company's articles of association or the actual value of the non-monetary property used as capital contribution is significantly lower than the subscribed capital contribution amount, if a shareholder transfers equity, the transferor and the transferee shall be jointly and severally liable within the scope of the insufficient capital contribution. Liability; if the transferee does not know and should not know that the above circumstances exist, the transferor shall bear the liability.

 

Article 89 Under any of the following circumstances, shareholders who vote against the resolution of the shareholders' meeting may request the company to acquire their equity at a reasonable price:

 

(1) The company does not distribute profits to shareholders for five consecutive years, but the company has made profits for five consecutive years and meets the conditions for profit distribution stipulated in this Law;

 

(2) Company merger, division, and transfer of major assets;

 

(3) When the business period stipulated in the company's articles of association expires or other reasons for dissolution stipulated in the articles of association arise, the shareholders' meeting shall pass a resolution to amend the articles of association to enable the company to survive.

 

If the shareholder and the company cannot reach an equity acquisition agreement within 60 days from the date of the resolution of the shareholders' meeting, the shareholder may file a lawsuit with the People's Court within 90 days from the date of the resolution of the shareholders' meeting.

 

If a company's controlling shareholder abuses shareholder rights and seriously damages the interests of the company or other shareholders, other shareholders have the right to request the company to acquire their equity at a reasonable price.

 

The equity of the company acquired by the company due to the circumstances specified in paragraphs 1 and 3 of this article shall be transferred or canceled in accordance with the law within six months.

 

Article 90 After the death of a natural person shareholder, his legal heirs may inherit the shareholder status; however, unless otherwise provided in the company's articles of association.

 

Chapter 5 Establishment and organizational structure of a joint stock limited company

 

Section 1 Establishment

 

Article 91 A joint-stock limited company may be established by sponsorship or by raising funds.

 

Sponsorship and establishment means the establishment of a company by the promoters subscribing for all the shares that should be issued when establishing the company.

 

Establishment by public offering means that the promoters subscribe for a part of the shares that should be issued when establishing the company, and the remaining shares are raised from specific targets or publicly raised from the public to establish the company.

 

Article 92 To establish a joint-stock company, at least one person but not more than 200 persons shall be the promoters, and more than half of the promoters shall have their domicile within the territory of the People's Republic of China.

 

Article 93 The promoters of a joint-stock company shall be responsible for the preparation of the company.

 

The sponsors should sign a sponsor agreement to clarify their respective rights and obligations during the company's establishment process.

 

Article 94 When establishing a joint-stock company, the sponsors shall jointly formulate the company's articles of association.

 

Article 95 The articles of association of a joint-stock company shall specify the following matters:

 

(1) Company name and address;

 

(2) The company’s business scope;

 

(3) Company establishment method;

 

(4) The company’s registered capital, the number of issued shares, the number of shares issued at the time of establishment, and the amount per share of par value shares;

 

(5) If a class of shares is issued, the number of shares of each class of shares and its rights and obligations;

 

(6) The name of the sponsor, the number of shares subscribed, and the method of capital contribution;

 

(7) The composition, powers and rules of procedure of the board of directors;

 

(8) Methods for the creation and change of the company’s legal representative;

 

(9) The composition, powers and rules of procedure of the board of supervisors;

 

(10) The company’s profit distribution method;

 

(11) Reasons for dissolution and liquidation methods of the company;

 

(12) The company’s notification and announcement methods;

 

(13) Other matters deemed necessary by the shareholders’ meeting.

 

Article 96 The registered capital of a joint-stock company shall be the total share capital of issued shares registered with the company registration authority. No shares may be solicited from others before the shares subscribed by the promoter are fully paid.

 

If laws, administrative regulations and decisions of the State Council otherwise stipulate the minimum registered capital of a joint-stock company, such provisions shall prevail.

 

Article 97 If a joint-stock company is established by way of establishment, the promoters shall subscribe for the full number of shares that shall be issued upon establishment of the company as stipulated in the company's articles of association.

 

If a joint-stock company is established by way of stock-raising, the shares subscribed by the promoters shall not be less than 35% of the total number of shares to be issued at the time of establishment of the company as stipulated in the company's articles of association; however, if laws and administrative regulations provide otherwise, such shares shall prevail. Regulation.

 

Article 98 The promoters shall pay the full amount of the shares subscribed for before the establishment of the company.

 

The capital contribution of the promoters shall be governed by the provisions of Article 48 and Paragraph 2 of Article 49 of this Law regarding the capital contribution of shareholders of a limited liability company.

 

Article 99 If a sponsor fails to pay the share capital for the shares subscribed, or the actual value of the non-monetary property contributed as capital is significantly lower than the shares subscribed, other sponsors and the sponsor shall be within the scope of the insufficient capital contribution. Jointly and severally liable.

 

Article 100: The promoters shall publish a prospectus and prepare a subscription letter when raising shares from the public. The subscription form shall state the matters listed in paragraphs 2 and 3 of Article 154 of this Law. The subscriber shall fill in the number of shares subscribed, the amount, and his address, and sign or seal them. Subscribers shall pay the full amount of the shares subscribed for.

 

Article 101: After the shares raised from the public are fully paid, the capital shall be verified by a capital verification agency established in accordance with the law and a certificate shall be issued.

 

Article 102 A joint stock company shall prepare a shareholder list and keep it in the company. The shareholder register shall record the following matters:

 

(1) Name and address of the shareholder;

 

(2) The types and number of shares subscribed by each shareholder;

 

(3) If stocks are issued in paper form, the stock number;

 

(4) The date on which each shareholder obtains shares.

 

Article 103 The sponsors who raise funds to establish a joint-stock company shall convene a company establishment meeting within thirty days from the date of full payment of the shares that should be issued when the company is established. The promoters shall notify each subscriber of the date of the meeting or make an announcement fifteen days before the founding meeting. The founding meeting can only be held if the shareholders holding more than half of the voting rights are present.

 

The convening and voting procedures of the founding meeting of a joint-stock company established by way of establishment shall be stipulated in the company's articles of association or the promoters' agreement.

 

Article 104 The company's founding meeting shall exercise the following powers:

 

(1) Review the sponsor’s report on the preparation of the company;

 

(2) Adopt the company’s articles of association;

 

(3) Elect directors and supervisors;

 

(4) Review the company’s establishment expenses;

 

(5) Review the valuation of the sponsor’s non-monetary property investment;

 

(6) If force majeure occurs or major changes in operating conditions directly affect the establishment of the company, a resolution may be made not to establish the company.

 

The resolutions adopted by the founding meeting on the matters listed in the preceding paragraph shall be passed by more than half of the voting rights held by the shareholders present at the meeting.

 

Article 105 If the shares that should be issued when the company is established are not fully raised, or if the promoters do not convene an establishment meeting within thirty days after the shares are issued in full, the subscriber may calculate the amount paid and add The sponsor is required to return the bank deposit interest for the same period.

 

After the promoters and subscribers have paid the share price or delivered the non-monetary capital contribution, their share capital shall not be withdrawn unless the shares are not raised as scheduled, the promoters fail to convene the founding meeting as scheduled, or the founding meeting resolves not to establish the company.

 

Article 106 The board of directors shall authorize a representative to apply for establishment registration to the company registration authority within thirty days after the conclusion of the company's founding meeting.

 

Article 107 The provisions of Article 44, Paragraph 3 of Article 49, Article 51, 52 and 53 of this Law shall apply to joint stock companies.

 

Article 108 When a limited liability company is changed into a joint-stock company, the converted total paid-in share capital shall not be higher than the company's net assets. When a limited liability company changes to a joint stock company and publicly issues shares to increase its registered capital, it must be handled in accordance with the law.

 

Article 109 A joint stock company shall keep its articles of association, shareholder list, shareholders' meeting minutes, board of directors meeting minutes, supervisory board meeting minutes, financial accounting reports, and bond holders' list with the company.

 

Article 110 Shareholders have the right to inspect and copy the company's articles of association, shareholder register, shareholders' meeting minutes, board meeting resolutions, supervisory board meeting resolutions, and financial accounting reports, and make suggestions or inquiries about the company's operations.

 

If shareholders who individually or collectively hold more than 3% of the company's shares for more than 180 consecutive days request to inspect the company's accounting books and accounting vouchers, paragraphs 2, 3, and 4 of Article 57 of this Law shall apply. payment provisions. If the company's articles of association stipulate a lower shareholding ratio, such provisions shall prevail.

 

If a shareholder requests to review or copy relevant materials of the company's wholly-owned subsidiaries, the provisions of the preceding two paragraphs shall apply.

 

Shareholders of listed companies who review and copy relevant materials must comply with the provisions of the Securities Law of the People's Republic of China and other laws and administrative regulations.

 

Section 2 Shareholders’ Meeting

 

Article 111 The shareholders' meeting of a joint stock company shall be composed of all shareholders. The shareholders' meeting is the company's authority and shall exercise its powers in accordance with this Law.

 

Article 112 The provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2 of Article 59 of this Law regarding the powers of the shareholders’ meeting of a limited liability company shall apply to the shareholders’ meeting of a joint stock company.

 

Article 60 of this Law stipulates that a limited liability company with only one shareholder shall not have a shareholders' meeting, shall apply to a joint stock limited company with only one shareholder.

 

Article 113 The shareholders' meeting shall hold an annual meeting every year. If any of the following circumstances occurs, an extraordinary shareholders' meeting shall be held within two months:

 

(1) When the number of directors is less than two-thirds of the number stipulated in this Law or the number stipulated in the company's articles of association;

 

(2) When the company’s uncompensated losses reach one-third of its total share capital;

 

(3) When requested by shareholders individually or collectively holding more than 10% of the company’s shares;

 

(4) When the board of directors deems it necessary;

 

(5) When the board of supervisors proposes to convene;

 

(6) Other circumstances stipulated in the company's articles of association.

 

Article 114 The shareholders' meeting shall be convened by the Board of Directors and presided over by the Chairman; if the Chairman is unable or fails to perform his duties, the Vice Chairman shall preside over it; if the Vice Chairman is unable or fails to perform his duties, more than half of the directors shall preside over the meeting. Jointly elect a director to preside.

 

If the board of directors is unable or fails to perform its duty to convene a shareholders' meeting, the board of supervisors shall convene and preside over it in a timely manner; if the board of supervisors fails to convene and preside over the meeting, shareholders who individually or collectively hold more than 10% of the company's shares for more than 90 consecutive days may convene and preside over it on their own. .

 

If shareholders individually or jointly holding more than 10% of the company's shares request to convene an extraordinary shareholders' meeting, the board of directors and the board of supervisors shall make a decision on whether to convene an extraordinary shareholders' meeting within ten days from the date of receipt of the request, and give a written reply to the shareholders.

 

Article 115 When convening a shareholders' meeting, all shareholders shall be notified of the time, place and matters to be considered at the meeting 20 days before the meeting; for an extraordinary shareholders' meeting, all shareholders shall be notified 15 days before the meeting.

 

Shareholders who individually or collectively hold more than 1% of the company's shares may submit temporary proposals and submit them in writing to the board of directors ten days before the shareholders' meeting. Temporary proposals should have clear topics and specific resolution matters. The board of directors shall notify other shareholders within two days after receiving the proposal and submit the temporary proposal to the shareholders' meeting for review; unless the temporary proposal violates the provisions of laws, administrative regulations or the company's articles of association, or does not fall within the scope of the shareholders' meeting. The company shall not increase the shareholding ratio of shareholders who submit temporary proposals.

 

A company that publicly issues shares shall make the notification specified in the preceding two paragraphs in the form of an announcement.

 

The shareholders' meeting shall not make resolutions on matters not specified in the notice.

 

Article 116: Shareholders attending the shareholders' meeting shall have one vote for each share they hold, except shareholders of class shares. The company's shares held by the company have no voting rights.

 

Resolutions made by the shareholders' meeting must be passed by more than half of the voting rights held by shareholders present at the meeting.

 

Resolutions made by the shareholders' meeting to amend the company's articles of association, increase or decrease the registered capital, as well as resolutions to merge, split, dissolve or change the company's form must be passed by more than two-thirds of the voting rights held by the shareholders present at the meeting.

 

Article 117 The shareholders' meeting may elect directors and supervisors by adopting a cumulative voting system in accordance with the provisions of the company's articles of association or the resolutions of the shareholders' meeting.

 

The term "cumulative voting system" as used in this Law means that when the shareholders' meeting elects directors or supervisors, each share has the same voting rights as the number of directors or supervisors to be elected, and the voting rights held by shareholders can be used collectively.

 

Article 118 If a shareholder appoints an agent to attend the shareholders' meeting, the matters, authority and period of the agent's representation shall be clearly defined; the agent shall submit a shareholder's power of attorney to the company and exercise voting rights within the scope of authorization.

 

Article 119 The shareholders' meeting shall keep minutes of the decisions on the matters discussed, and the host and directors present at the meeting shall sign on the minutes. The minutes of the meeting shall be kept together with the signature booklet of the shareholders present and the power of attorney for the proxy to attend.

 

Section 3 Board of Directors, Managers

 

Article 120 A joint stock company shall have a board of directors, except as otherwise provided for in Article 128 of this Law.

 

The provisions of Article 67, Paragraph 1 of Article 68, Article 70 and Article 71 of this Law shall apply to joint stock companies.

 

Article 121 A joint stock company may, in accordance with the provisions of the company's articles of association, set up an audit committee composed of directors on the board of directors to exercise the powers of the board of supervisors stipulated in this law without having a board of supervisors or supervisors.

 

The audit committee shall have more than three members, and more than half of the members shall not hold any other positions in the company other than directors, and shall not have any relationship with the company that may affect their independent and objective judgment. Employee representatives who are members of the company's board of directors can become members of the audit committee.

 

Resolutions made by the Audit Committee must be approved by more than half of the members of the Audit Committee.

 

The voting on resolutions of the Audit Committee shall be one person, one vote.

 

The deliberations and voting procedures of the audit committee shall be stipulated in the company's articles of association, except as otherwise provided for in this Law.

 

The company may set up other committees on the board of directors in accordance with the provisions of the company's articles of association.

 

Article 122 The board of directors shall have one chairman and may have a vice chairman. The Chairman and Vice Chairman are elected by the Board of Directors with a majority of all directors.

 

The chairman convenes and presides over board meetings and inspects the implementation of board resolutions. The vice chairman assists the chairman in his work. If the chairman is unable or fails to perform his duties, the vice chairman shall perform his duties; if the vice chairman is unable or fails to perform his duties, more than half of the directors shall jointly elect a director to perform his duties.

 

Article 123 The board of directors shall hold at least two meetings every year, and all directors and supervisors shall be notified of each meeting ten days before the meeting.

 

Shareholders representing more than one-tenth of the voting rights, more than one-third of the directors or the board of supervisors may propose to convene an extraordinary board meeting. The chairman of the board of directors shall convene and preside over a board meeting within ten days after receiving the proposal.

 

When the board of directors convenes an extraordinary meeting, it may separately determine the method and time limit for notification of convening the board of directors.

 

Article 124 A board meeting can only be held if more than half of the directors are present. Resolutions made by the board of directors must be approved by more than half of all directors.

 

Voting on resolutions of the board of directors shall be one person, one vote.

 

The board of directors shall keep minutes of its decisions on matters discussed, and the directors present at the meeting shall sign on the minutes.

 

Article 125 The board meeting shall be attended by the director in person. If a director is unable to attend for any reason, he may authorize another director in writing to attend on his behalf. The letter of authorization shall specify the scope of authorization.

 

The directors shall be responsible for the resolutions of the board of directors. If a resolution of the board of directors violates laws, administrative regulations, the company's articles of association, or shareholders' meeting resolutions, causing serious losses to the company, the directors who participated in the resolution shall be liable to the company for compensation; if it is proven that they expressed dissent during the voting and recorded it in the minutes of the meeting, the director shall be liable for compensation. Can be exempted from liability.

 

Article 126 A joint-stock company shall have a manager, who shall be appointed or dismissed by the board of directors.

 

The manager is responsible to the board of directors and exercises his powers in accordance with the provisions of the company's articles of association or the authorization of the board of directors. Managers attend board meetings.

 

Article 127 The company's board of directors may decide that a member of the board of directors shall concurrently serve as manager.

 

Article 128 A joint-stock company with a smaller scale or a smaller number of shareholders may not have a board of directors but may have one director to exercise the functions and powers of the board of directors as stipulated in this Law. The director may also serve as a manager of the company.

 

Article 129 The company shall regularly disclose to shareholders the remuneration received by directors, supervisors and senior managers from the company.

 

Section 4 Supervisory Board

 

Article 130 A joint stock company shall have a board of supervisors, except as otherwise provided for in Paragraph 1 of Article 121 and Article 133 of this Law.

 

The number of members of the supervisory board shall be three or more. The members of the board of supervisors shall include shareholder representatives and an appropriate proportion of the company's employee representatives, of which the proportion of employee representatives shall not be less than one-third. The specific proportion shall be stipulated in the company's articles of association. The employee representatives on the board of supervisors are democratically elected by the company's employees through employee congresses, workers' conferences or other forms of democracy.

 

The board of supervisors shall have a chairman and may have a vice-chairman. The Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Supervisory Board shall be elected by more than half of all Supervisors. The chairman of the board of supervisors convenes and presides over the meeting of the board of supervisors; if the chairman of the board of supervisors is unable or fails to perform his duties, the vice-chairman of the board of supervisors shall convene and preside over the meeting of the board of supervisors; if the vice-chairman of the board of supervisors is unable or fails to perform his duties, a supervisor jointly elected by more than half of the supervisors shall convene the meeting and chairing Supervisory Board meetings.

 

Directors and senior managers may not concurrently serve as supervisors.

 

The provisions of Article 77 of this Law on the term of office of supervisors of limited liability companies shall apply to supervisors of joint stock companies.

 

Article 131 The provisions of Articles 78 to 80 of this Law shall apply to the supervisory board of a joint stock company.

 

The expenses necessary for the supervisory board to exercise its powers shall be borne by the company.

 

Article 132 The Board of Supervisors shall hold at least one meeting every six months. Supervisors may propose to convene an extraordinary supervisory board meeting.

 

The discussion methods and voting procedures of the board of supervisors shall be stipulated in the company's articles of association, except as otherwise provided for in this Law.

 

Resolutions of the board of supervisors must be passed by more than half of all supervisors.

 

Voting on resolutions of the Board of Supervisors shall be one person, one vote.

 

The board of supervisors shall keep minutes of its decisions on the matters discussed, and the supervisors attending the meeting shall sign on the minutes.

 

Article 133 A joint-stock company with a smaller scale or a smaller number of shareholders may not have a board of supervisors but may have one supervisor to exercise the powers of the board of supervisors as stipulated in this Law.

 

Section 5 Special Provisions on the Organizational Structure of Listed Companies

 

Article 134 The term "listed company" as used in this Law refers to a joint-stock company whose stocks are listed and traded on a stock exchange.

 

Article 135 If a listed company purchases or sells major assets or provides guarantees to others for an amount exceeding 30% of the company's total assets within one year, a resolution shall be made by the shareholders' meeting and approved by the voting rights of the shareholders present at the meeting. More than two-thirds passed.

 

Article 136: Listed companies shall have independent directors, and specific management measures shall be prescribed by the securities regulatory authority of the State Council.

 

In addition to stating the matters stipulated in Article 95 of this Law, the articles of association of a listed company shall also specify the composition and powers of special committees of the board of directors, as well as the remuneration assessment mechanism for directors, supervisors, and senior managers, etc. in accordance with the provisions of laws and administrative regulations. matter.

 

Article 137: If a listed company establishes an audit committee in the board of directors, the board of directors shall make resolutions on the following matters with the approval of more than half of all members of the audit committee:

 

(1) Appointment and dismissal of accounting firms that undertake the company’s audit business;

 

(2) Appoint and dismiss the financial person in charge;

 

(3) Disclosure of financial accounting reports;

 

(4) Other matters specified by the securities regulatory authority of the State Council.

 

Article 138 A listed company shall have a secretary to the board of directors, who shall be responsible for the preparation of the company’s shareholders’ and board of directors’ meetings, the storage of documents, the management of the company’s shareholder information, and the handling of information disclosure matters.

 

Article 139 If a director of a listed company has a related relationship with an enterprise or individual involved in matters resolved at the board of directors meeting, the director shall report to the board of directors in writing in a timely manner. Directors with related relationships may not exercise voting rights on this resolution, nor may they exercise voting rights on behalf of other directors. The board meeting can be held if more than half of the unrelated directors are present, and resolutions made at the board meeting must be passed by more than half of the unrelated directors. If the number of unrelated directors attending the board meeting is less than three, the matter shall be submitted to the listed company's shareholders' meeting for review.

 

Article 140 Listed companies shall disclose information on shareholders and actual controllers in accordance with the law, and relevant information must be true, accurate, and complete.

 

It is prohibited to hold shares of listed companies on behalf of others in violation of laws and administrative regulations.

 

Article 141 A controlled subsidiary of a listed company shall not acquire shares of the listed company.

 

If a listed company's controlled subsidiary holds shares of the listed company due to company mergers, exercise of pledge rights, etc., it shall not exercise the voting rights corresponding to the shares held, and shall promptly dispose of the relevant shares of the listed company.

 

Chapter 6 Issuance and Transfer of Shares of a Joint Stock Company

 

Section 1 Share Issuance

 

Article 142 The capital of the company is divided into shares. All shares of the company shall be divided into par value shares or non-par value shares according to the provisions of the company's articles of association. With par value shares, each share is worth the same amount.

 

The company may convert all issued par value shares into no par value shares or convert all no par value shares into par value shares in accordance with the provisions of the company's articles of association.

 

If shares without par value are used, more than one-half of the proceeds from the issuance of shares shall be included in the registered capital.

 

Article 143 The issuance of shares shall be based on the principles of fairness and justice, and each share of the same category shall have equal rights.

 

For shares of the same type issued at the same time, the issuance conditions and price per share shall be the same; subscribers shall pay the same price for each share subscribed.

 

Article 144 A company may issue the following classes of shares with rights different from ordinary shares in accordance with the provisions of the company's articles of association:

 

(1) Shares with priority or inferiority in the distribution of profits or residual property;

 

(2) Shares with more or less voting rights per share than ordinary shares;

 

(3) The transfer of shares is subject to restrictions such as the consent of the company;

 

(4) Other types of shares specified by the State Council.

 

A company that publicly issues shares may not issue the types of shares specified in Items 2 and 3 of the preceding paragraph, except those that have been issued before the public offering.

 

If a company issues class shares specified in Item 2 of Paragraph 1 of this Article, for the election and replacement of supervisors or audit committee members, the voting rights of each class share and ordinary stock shall be the same.

 

Article 145 A company that issues class shares shall specify the following matters in its articles of association:

 

(1) The order in which class shares distribute profits or residual property;

 

(2) The number of voting rights of the class of shares;

 

(3) Transfer restrictions on class shares;

 

(4) Measures to protect the rights and interests of small and medium-sized shareholders;

 

(5) Other matters deemed necessary by the shareholders' meeting.

 

Article 146 If a company that issues class shares has matters specified in paragraph 3 of Article 116 of this Law that may affect the rights of class shareholders, it shall, in addition to complying with Article 116 3, In addition to being passed by the shareholders' meeting, the provisions of this paragraph must also be passed by more than two-thirds of the voting rights held by shareholders attending the class shareholders' meeting.

 

The company's articles of association may stipulate other matters that require resolution at a class meeting of shareholders.

 

Article 147 The shares of the company shall be in the form of stocks. Stock certificates are certificates issued by a company that certify the shares held by shareholders.

 

The stocks issued by the company shall be registered stocks.

 

Article 148 The issue price of par value shares may be based on the par value, or may exceed the par value, but shall not be lower than the par value.

 

Article 149: Stocks shall be in paper form or other forms prescribed by the securities regulatory authority of the State Council.

 

If the stock certificate is in paper form, the following main matters shall be stated:

 

(1) Company name;

 

(2) The date of establishment of the company or the time of stock issuance;

 

(3) Type of stock, par value and number of shares represented; if shares without par value are issued, the number of shares represented by the stock.

 

If the stock is in paper form, the stock number must also be stated, signed by the legal representative, and stamped by the company.

 

If the promoter's stock is in paper form, the words promoter's stock should be marked.

 

Article 150 Upon establishment of a joint-stock company, stocks shall be formally delivered to shareholders. No shares may be delivered to shareholders before the company is established.

 

Article 151 When a company issues new shares, the shareholders' meeting shall make resolutions on the following matters:

 

(1) Type and amount of new shares;

 

(2) Issuance price of new shares;

 

(3) The start and end dates of the issuance of new shares;

 

(4) The type and amount of new shares issued to original shareholders;

 

(5) If shares without par value are issued, the proceeds from the issuance of new shares shall be included in the amount of registered capital.

 

When a company issues new shares, it can determine its pricing plan based on the company's operating conditions and financial status.

 

Article 152 The company's articles of association or shareholders' meeting may authorize the board of directors to decide within three years to issue shares not exceeding 50% of the issued shares. However, investment in non-monetary assets must be resolved by the shareholders' meeting.

 

If the board of directors decides to issue shares in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph, resulting in changes in the company's registered capital and the number of issued shares, the modification of the matters recorded in the company's articles of association does not need to be voted on by the shareholders' meeting.

 

Article 153 If the company's articles of association or the shareholders' meeting authorize the board of directors to decide on the issuance of new shares, the board of directors' resolution shall be approved by more than two-thirds of all directors.

 

Article 154 A company that publicly raises shares from the public must register with the securities regulatory authority of the State Council and publish a prospectus.

 

The prospectus should be accompanied by the company's articles of association and specify the following matters:

 

(1) The total number of shares issued;

 

(2) The par value and issuance price of par value shares or the issuance price of non-par value shares;

 

(3) The purpose of raising funds;

 

(4) Rights and obligations of shareholders;

 

(5) Types of shares and their rights and obligations;

 

(6) The start and end dates of this offering and the explanation that subscribers can withdraw their subscribed shares if the shares are not fully raised after the due date.

 

If shares are issued when the company is established, the number of shares subscribed by the promoters should also be stated.

 

Article 155 A company that publicly raises shares from the public shall have underwriting by a securities company established in accordance with the law and sign an underwriting agreement.

 

Article 156 When a company publicly raises shares from the public, it shall sign an agreement with a bank for the collection of shares.

 

The bank that collects the share payments shall collect and store the share payments in accordance with the agreement, issue receipts to the subscribers who paid the share payments, and shall have the obligation to issue receipt certificates to the relevant departments.

 

After the company has raised enough funds by issuing shares, it shall make an announcement.

 

Section 2 Share Transfer

 

Article 157 The shares held by shareholders of a joint-stock company may be transferred to other shareholders or to persons other than shareholders; if the company's articles of association impose restrictions on the transfer of shares, the transfer shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of the company's articles of association.

 

Article 158 Shareholders shall transfer their shares at a securities trading place established in accordance with the law or in accordance with other methods prescribed by the State Council.

 

Article 159 The transfer of stocks shall be carried out by shareholders by endorsement or other methods stipulated by laws and administrative regulations; after the transfer, the company shall record the name and address of the transferee in the shareholder register.

 

No changes to the shareholder list shall be made within twenty days before the shareholders' meeting or within five days before the base date on which the company decides to distribute dividends. If laws, administrative regulations or the securities regulatory authority of the State Council have other provisions on changes to the shareholder list of listed companies, such provisions shall prevail.

 

Article 160 The shares issued before the company's shares are publicly offered may not be transferred within one year from the date the company's shares are listed and traded on the stock exchange. If laws, administrative regulations or the securities regulatory authority of the State Council have other provisions on the transfer of the shares of the company held by shareholders or actual controllers of listed companies, such provisions shall prevail.

 

Directors, supervisors and senior managers of the company shall report to the company the shares they hold in the company and their changes. The shares transferred each year during the term of office determined when taking office shall not exceed 1% of the total number of shares they hold in the company. 25. The shares held by the company shall not be transferred within one year from the date of listing and trading of the company's shares. The above-mentioned personnel shall not transfer the shares of the company held by them within six months after their resignation. The company's articles of association may make other restrictive provisions on the transfer of the company's shares held by the company's directors, supervisors, and senior managers.

 

If the shares are pledged within the transfer restriction period stipulated in laws and administrative regulations, the pledgee shall not exercise the pledge right within the transfer restriction period.

 

Article 161 Under any of the following circumstances, shareholders who vote against the resolution of the shareholders' meeting may request the company to acquire their shares at a reasonable price, except for companies that publicly issue shares:

 

(1) The company does not distribute profits to shareholders for five consecutive years, but the company has made profits for five consecutive years and meets the conditions for profit distribution stipulated in this Law;

 

(2) The company transfers its main assets;

 

(3) When the business period stipulated in the company's articles of association expires or other reasons for dissolution stipulated in the articles of association arise, the shareholders' meeting shall pass a resolution to amend the articles of association to enable the company to survive.

 

If the shareholder and the company cannot reach a share acquisition agreement within sixty days from the date of the resolution of the shareholders' meeting, the shareholder may file a lawsuit with the People's Court within ninety days from the date of the resolution of the shareholders' meeting.

 

The shares of the company acquired by the company due to the circumstances specified in paragraph 1 of this article shall be transferred or canceled in accordance with the law within six months.

 

Article 162 A company shall not acquire its own shares. However, except for one of the following circumstances:

 

(1) Reduce the company’s registered capital;

 

(2) Merge with other companies that hold shares of the company;

 

(3) Use shares for employee stock ownership plans or equity incentives;

 

(4) Shareholders dissent from the company’s merger or division resolution made by the shareholders’ meeting and request the company to acquire their shares;

 

(5) Use the shares to convert corporate bonds issued by the company that can be converted into stocks;

 

(6) It is necessary for listed companies to maintain the company's value and shareholders' rights and interests.

 

If the company acquires the company's shares due to the circumstances stipulated in the first and second items of the preceding paragraph, it shall obtain a resolution from the shareholders' meeting; if the company acquires the company's shares due to the circumstances stipulated in the third, fifth, and sixth items of the preceding paragraph, Resolutions may be made at a board meeting attended by more than two-thirds of the directors in accordance with the company's articles of association or the authorization of the shareholders' meeting.

 

After a company acquires its own shares in accordance with the provisions of Paragraph 1 of this Article, if it falls under the circumstances of Paragraph 1, it shall cancel it within ten days from the date of acquisition; if it falls under the circumstances of Paragraph 2 or Paragraph 4, it shall transfer or cancel it within six months. ; If it falls under the circumstances of Item 3, Item 5 or Item 6, the total number of shares of the company held by the company shall not exceed 10% of the total number of issued shares of the company, and shall be transferred or canceled within three years.

 

When a listed company acquires its own shares, it must fulfill its information disclosure obligations in accordance with the provisions of the Securities Law of the People's Republic of China. If a listed company acquires its own shares due to the circumstances specified in Items 3, 5 and 6 of Paragraph 1 of this Article, it shall do so through public centralized transactions.

 

The company shall not accept its own shares as the subject of pledge.

 

Article 163 The company shall not provide gifts, loans, guarantees or other financial assistance for others to obtain shares of the company or its parent company, except when the company implements an employee stock ownership plan.

 

For the benefit of the company, upon resolution of the shareholders' meeting, or the board of directors making a resolution in accordance with the company's articles of association or the authorization of the shareholders' meeting, the company may provide financial assistance to others to acquire shares of the company or its parent company, but the cumulative total of financial assistance shall not exceed the issued share capital. Ten percent of the total amount. Resolutions made by the board of directors must be approved by more than two-thirds of all directors.

 

If a violation of the provisions of the preceding two paragraphs causes losses to the company, the responsible directors, supervisors, and senior managers shall bear liability for compensation.

 

Article 164 If a stock is stolen, lost or destroyed, the shareholder may request the People's Court to declare the stock invalid in accordance with the public notice and reminder procedures stipulated in the Civil Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China. After the people's court declares the stock to be invalid, the shareholder can apply to the company for reissue of stock.

 

Article 165: The stocks of listed companies shall be listed and traded in accordance with relevant laws, administrative regulations and stock exchange trading rules.

 

Article 166: Listed companies shall disclose relevant information in accordance with the provisions of laws and administrative regulations.

 

Article 167 After the death of a natural person shareholder, his legal heirs may inherit the shareholder qualifications; however, unless otherwise provided for in the articles of association of a joint-stock company with restricted share transfers.

 

Chapter 7 Special Provisions on the Organizational Structure of State-Invested Companies

 

Article 168 The organizational structure of a state-invested company shall be governed by the provisions of this Chapter; if there are no provisions in this Chapter, other provisions of this Law shall apply.

 

The term "state-invested company" as used in this Law refers to a wholly state-owned company or a state-owned capital holding company funded by the state, including a state-funded limited liability company or a joint-stock company.

 

Article 169 In a state-invested company, the State Council or the local people's government shall respectively perform the investor's duties on behalf of the state in accordance with the law and enjoy the rights and interests of the investor. The State Council or the local people's government may authorize the state-owned assets supervision and administration agency or other departments or institutions to perform investor duties for state-invested companies on behalf of the people's government at the same level.

 

The institutions and departments that perform the investor's responsibilities on behalf of the people's government at the same level are hereinafter collectively referred to as the institutions that perform the investor's responsibilities.

 

Article 170: The Communist Party of China (CPC) organizations in state-funded companies shall play a leadership role in accordance with the provisions of the CPC Constitution, study and discuss major business and management matters of the company, and support the company's organizational structures in exercising their powers in accordance with the law.

 

Article 171 The articles of association of a wholly state-owned company shall be formulated by the institution that performs the duties of the investor.

 

Article 172 A wholly state-owned company does not have a shareholders' meeting, and the powers of the shareholders' meeting shall be exercised by an institution that performs the duties of the investor. The institution that performs the responsibilities of the investor may authorize the company's board of directors to exercise some of the powers of the shareholders' meeting, but the formulation and modification of the company's articles of association, the company's merger, division, dissolution, application for bankruptcy, increase or decrease of registered capital, and distribution of profits shall be performed by the investor. Responsibilities are determined by the agency.

 

Article 173: The board of directors of a wholly state-owned company shall exercise its powers in accordance with the provisions of this Law.

 

More than half of the board members of a wholly state-owned company should be outside directors, and there should be company employee representatives.

 

Board members are appointed by institutions that perform investor duties; however, employee representatives among board members are elected by the company's employee representative conference.

 

The board of directors shall have one chairman and may have a vice chairman. The chairman and vice-chairman are appointed from among the board members by the institution that performs the investor's duties.

 

Article 174 The manager of a wholly state-owned company shall be appointed or dismissed by the board of directors.

 

With the consent of the institution performing investor duties, board members may concurrently serve as managers.

 

Article 175 Directors and senior managers of a wholly state-owned company shall not hold concurrent posts in other limited liability companies, joint stock companies or other economic organizations without the consent of the institution that performs the investor's duties.

 

Article 176 If a wholly state-owned company sets up an audit committee composed of directors on the board of directors to exercise the powers of the board of supervisors stipulated in this Law, it shall not have a board of supervisors or supervisors.

 

Article 177: State-funded companies shall establish and improve internal supervision, management and risk control systems in accordance with the law, and strengthen internal compliance management.

 

Chapter 8 Qualifications and Obligations of Company Directors, Supervisors and Senior Managers

 

Article 178 Anyone who falls under any of the following circumstances shall not serve as a director, supervisor or senior manager of the company:

 

(1) Having no capacity for civil conduct or having limited capacity for civil conduct;

 

(2) If a person is sentenced to a criminal penalty for corruption, bribery, misappropriation of property, misappropriation of property or undermining the order of the socialist market economy, or is deprived of political rights for a crime, and if the execution period has not expired for more than five years and he is sentenced to probation, he shall be suspended from the probation period from the probation period. Less than two years have passed since the date of expiration;

 

(3) Serving as a director, director, or manager of a company or enterprise undergoing bankruptcy liquidation, and being personally responsible for the bankruptcy of the company or enterprise, less than three years have elapsed since the date of completion of the bankruptcy liquidation of the company or enterprise;

 

(4) Serving as the legal representative of a company or enterprise that has had its business license revoked or ordered to close due to illegal activities, and bearing personal responsibility, and it has not been more than three years since the company or enterprise was revoked of its business license or ordered to close;

 

(5) An individual is listed as a dishonest person subject to execution by the people's court because of a relatively large amount of debt that has not been paid off when due.

 

If a director, supervisor or senior manager is elected or appointed in violation of the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the election, appointment or appointment shall be invalid.

 

If a director, supervisor or senior manager encounters any of the circumstances listed in paragraph 1 of this article during his term of office, the company shall dismiss him or her from office.

 

Article 179 Directors, supervisors and senior managers shall abide by laws, administrative regulations and the company's articles of association.

 

Article 180 Directors, supervisors and senior managers have a duty of loyalty to the company, shall take measures to avoid conflicts between their own interests and those of the company, and shall not use their powers to seek improper benefits.

 

Directors, supervisors, and senior managers have a duty of diligence to the company, and when performing their duties, they should exercise the reasonable care normally expected of managers in the best interests of the company.

 

If the company's controlling shareholder or actual controller does not serve as a director of the company but actually performs the company's affairs, the provisions of the first two paragraphs shall apply.

 

Article 181 Directors, supervisors and senior managers shall not engage in the following conduct:

 

(1) Misappropriating company property and misappropriating company funds;

 

(2) Store company funds in an account opened in his or her own name or in the name of another individual;

 

(3) Taking advantage of one’s position to bribe or accept other illegal income;

 

(4) Accept commissions from others’ transactions with the company and keep them as your own;

 

(5) Unauthorized disclosure of company secrets;

 

(6) Other behaviors that violate the duty of loyalty to the company.

 

Article 182 Directors, supervisors, and senior managers who directly or indirectly enter into a contract or conduct transactions with the company shall report to the board of directors or shareholders' meeting on matters related to the conclusion of the contract or conduct of transactions, and shall report to the board of directors or shareholders' meeting in accordance with the provisions of the company's articles of association. Provisions shall be approved by resolution of the board of directors or shareholders' meeting.

 

Close relatives of directors, supervisors and senior managers, enterprises directly or indirectly controlled by directors, supervisors, senior managers or their close relatives, as well as related persons who have other related relationships with directors, supervisors and senior managers, enter into contracts with the company or conduct transactions, the provisions of the preceding paragraph shall apply.

 

Article 183 Directors, supervisors and senior managers shall not take advantage of their positions to seek business opportunities belonging to the company for themselves or others. However, except for one of the following circumstances:

 

(1) Report to the board of directors or shareholders' meeting, and be approved by resolution of the board of directors or shareholders' meeting in accordance with the company's articles of association;

 

(2) According to the provisions of laws, administrative regulations or the company's articles of association, the company cannot take advantage of the business opportunity.

 

Article 184 Directors, supervisors, and senior managers may not engage in business for themselves or for others similar to the business of the company where they work without reporting to the board of directors or the shareholders' meeting and passing the resolution of the board of directors or the shareholders' meeting in accordance with the company's articles of association.

 

Article 185 When the board of directors makes resolutions on matters stipulated in Articles 182 to 184 of this Law, related directors shall not participate in the voting, and their voting rights shall not be counted in the total number of voting rights. If the number of unrelated directors attending the board meeting is less than three, the matter shall be submitted to the shareholders' meeting for review.

 

Article 186 The income earned by directors, supervisors and senior managers in violation of the provisions of Articles 181 to 184 of this Law shall belong to the company.

 

Article 187 If the shareholders' meeting requires directors, supervisors and senior managers to attend the meeting, the directors, supervisors and senior managers shall attend the meeting and accept inquiries from shareholders.

 

Article 188 Directors, supervisors and senior managers who violate laws, administrative regulations or the company's articles of association when performing their duties and cause losses to the company shall bear liability for compensation.

 

Article 189 If directors or senior managers fall under the circumstances specified in the preceding article, shareholders of a limited liability company or shareholders of a joint stock company who individually or collectively hold more than 1% of the company's shares for more than 180 consecutive days, shall The board of supervisors may request in writing to file a lawsuit with the People's Court; if the supervisor falls under the circumstances specified in the preceding article, the aforementioned shareholder may request the board of directors to file a lawsuit in writing with the People's Court.

 

The board of supervisors or the board of directors refuses to initiate a lawsuit after receiving the written request from the shareholder specified in the preceding paragraph, or fails to initiate a lawsuit within thirty days from the date of receipt of the request, or the situation is urgent and failure to initiate a lawsuit immediately will cause irreparable damage to the company's interests. , the shareholders stipulated in the preceding paragraph have the right to directly file a lawsuit with the People's Court in their own names for the benefit of the company.

 

If others infringe upon the company's legitimate rights and interests and cause losses to the company, the shareholders specified in the first paragraph of this article may file a lawsuit with the People's Court in accordance with the provisions of the previous two paragraphs.

 

If the directors, supervisors or senior managers of the company's wholly-owned subsidiaries fall under the circumstances specified in the preceding article, or if others infringe upon the legitimate rights and interests of the company's wholly-owned subsidiaries and cause losses, the shareholders of a limited liability company or a joint-stock company shall act alone or Shareholders who collectively hold more than 1% of the company's shares may request in writing the supervisory board or board of directors of a wholly-owned subsidiary to file a lawsuit with the People's Court in accordance with the provisions of the first three paragraphs or directly file a lawsuit with the People's Court in their own name.

 

Article 190 If directors or senior managers violate the provisions of laws, administrative regulations or the company's articles of association and damage the interests of shareholders, shareholders may file a lawsuit in the People's Court.

 

Article 191 If directors and senior managers perform their duties and cause damage to others, the company shall be liable for compensation; directors and senior managers shall also be liable for compensation if they are intentional or grossly negligent.

 

Article 192 If a company's controlling shareholder or actual controller instructs a director or senior manager to engage in behavior that damages the interests of the company or shareholders, he shall be jointly and severally liable with the director or senior manager.

 

Article 193 The company may purchase liability insurance for the director's liability for performing his duties at the company during the director's term of office.

 

After the company has purchased or renewed liability insurance for its directors, the board of directors shall report to the shareholders' meeting the insured amount, coverage scope, insurance rate, etc. of the liability insurance.

 

Chapter 9 Corporate Bonds

 

Article 194 The term "corporate bonds" as used in this Law refers to securities issued by a company that agree to repay principal and interest on schedule.

 

Corporate bonds can be issued publicly or privately.

 

The issuance and trading of corporate bonds shall comply with the provisions of the Securities Law of the People's Republic of China and other laws and administrative regulations.

 

Article 195 The public issuance of corporate bonds shall be registered with the securities regulatory authority of the State Council and the methods for raising corporate bonds shall be announced.

 

Corporate bond raising methods shall specify the following main matters:

 

(1) Company name;

 

(2) The use of funds raised from bonds;

 

(3) The total amount of bonds and the par amount of bonds;

 

(4) How to determine bond interest rates;

 

(5) The time limit and method for repaying principal and interest;

 

(6) Bond guarantee situation;

 

(7) The issuance price of the bonds and the start and end dates of issuance;

 

(8) The company’s net assets;

 

(9) The total amount of issued corporate bonds that have not yet matured;

 

(10) Corporate bond underwriting agency.

 

Article 196 If a company issues corporate bonds in paper form, the company name, face value of the bonds, interest rate, repayment period and other matters shall be stated on the bonds, and shall be signed by the legal representative and stamped by the company.

 

Article 197 Corporate bonds shall be registered bonds.

 

Article 198 A company issuing corporate bonds shall prepare a list of corporate bond holders.

 

When issuing corporate bonds, the following matters shall be stated in the list of corporate bond holders:

 

(1) The name and address of the bond holder;

 

(2) The date the bond holder obtained the bond and the bond number;

 

(3) The total amount of bonds, the par amount of the bonds, the interest rate, the period and method of principal and interest repayment;

 

(4) The issuance date of the bond.

 

Article 199 The registration and clearing agency for corporate bonds shall establish relevant systems for bond registration, custody, interest payment, and redemption.

 

Article 200 Corporate bonds may be transferred, and the transfer price shall be agreed upon by the transferor and the transferee.

 

The transfer of corporate bonds shall comply with the provisions of laws and administrative regulations.

 

Article 201 Corporate bonds are transferred by the bond holder by endorsement or other methods stipulated by laws and administrative regulations; after the transfer, the company will record the name and address of the transferee in the register of corporate bond holders.

 

Article 202 A joint-stock company may issue corporate bonds convertible into stocks upon resolution of the shareholders' meeting, or by resolution of the board of directors upon authorization by the company's articles of association or the shareholders' meeting, and shall stipulate specific conversion methods. Listed companies that issue corporate bonds that can be converted into stocks must be registered with the securities regulatory authority of the State Council.

 

When issuing corporate bonds that can be converted into stocks, the words "convertible corporate bonds" shall be marked on the bonds, and the amount of convertible corporate bonds shall be stated in the list of corporate bond holders.

 

Article 203 When issuing corporate bonds that can be converted into stocks, the company shall exchange stocks to bondholders according to its conversion method, but bondholders have the option to convert the stocks or not. Except as otherwise provided by laws and administrative regulations.

 

Article 204 When corporate bonds are publicly issued, a bondholders' meeting shall be established for the bondholders of the same period, and the bond holders' meeting convening procedures, meeting rules and other important matters shall be stipulated in the bond raising methods. . The bondholders' meeting may make resolutions on matters of interest to bondholders.

 

Unless otherwise agreed in the corporate bond issuance method, the resolution of the bondholders' meeting shall be effective for all bondholders during the same period.

 

Article 205 When corporate bonds are publicly issued, the issuer shall hire a bond trustee for the bond holders, who shall handle the collection and repayment, preservation of creditor's rights, bond-related litigation and participation in the bankruptcy of the debtor for the bond holders. procedures and other matters.

 

Article 206: The bond trustee shall perform his duties diligently and fairly, and shall not harm the interests of bond holders.

 

If there is a conflict of interest between the trustee and the bondholders that may harm the interests of the bondholders, the bondholders' meeting may resolve to change the bond trustee.

 

If a bond trustee violates laws, administrative regulations or bondholders' meeting resolutions and harms the interests of bondholders, he shall be liable for compensation.

 

Chapter 10 Corporate Finance and Accounting

 

Article 207 The company shall establish its financial and accounting systems in accordance with laws, administrative regulations and the provisions of the financial department of the State Council.

 

Article 208 The company shall prepare financial accounting reports at the end of each fiscal year and have them audited by an accounting firm in accordance with the law.

 

Financial accounting reports shall be prepared in accordance with laws, administrative regulations and the provisions of the financial department of the State Council.

 

Article 209 A limited liability company shall send financial accounting reports to each shareholder within the time limit specified in the company's articles of association.

 

The financial accounting report of a joint-stock company shall be provided to the company twenty days before the annual shareholders' meeting for shareholders to review; a joint-stock company that publicly issues shares shall announce its financial accounting report.

 

Article 210 When a company distributes its after-tax profits for the year, it shall withdraw 10% of the profits into the company's statutory public reserve fund. If the cumulative amount of the company's statutory public reserve exceeds 50% of the company's registered capital, no further withdrawals may be made.

 

If the company's statutory reserve fund is insufficient to make up for losses in previous years, it shall first use the current year's profits to make up for the losses before withdrawing the statutory reserve fund in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph.

 

After the company withdraws the statutory public reserve fund from the after-tax profits, it can also withdraw the discretionary public reserve fund from the after-tax profits upon resolution of the shareholders' meeting.

 

For the after-tax profits remaining after the company has made up for losses and withdrawn the provident fund, a limited liability company will distribute the profits in accordance with the proportion of capital contributions paid by the shareholders, unless all shareholders agree not to distribute profits in accordance with the proportion of capital contributions; a joint-stock company will distribute profits in accordance with the proportion of shares held by shareholders. Profits, unless otherwise provided in the company's articles of association.

 

The company's shares held by the company may not distribute profits.

 

Article 211 If a company distributes profits to shareholders in violation of this law, the shareholders shall return the profits distributed in violation of the regulations to the company; if losses are caused to the company, the shareholders and the responsible directors, supervisors, and senior managers shall bear compensation responsibility.

 

Article 212 If the shareholders' meeting makes a resolution to distribute profits, the board of directors shall make the distribution within six months from the date of the resolution of the shareholders' meeting.

 

Article 213 The premium received by a company from issuing shares at an issuance price that exceeds the par value of the shares, the amount received from the issuance of shares without par value not included in the registered capital, and other items included in the capital reserve fund as prescribed by the financial department of the State Council, It should be listed as the company's capital reserve fund.

 

Article 214 The company's public reserve fund shall be used to make up for the company's losses, expand the company's production and operations, or be used to increase the company's registered capital.

 

To make up for the company's losses from the provident fund, the discretionary provident fund and statutory provident fund should be used first; if it still cannot be made up, the capital reserve fund can be used in accordance with regulations.

 

When the statutory reserve fund is converted to increase the registered capital, the remaining reserve fund shall not be less than 25% of the company's registered capital before the conversion.

 

Article 215 The company's appointment or dismissal of the accounting firm that undertakes the company's audit business shall be decided by the shareholders' meeting, the board of directors or the board of supervisors in accordance with the provisions of the company's articles of association.

 

When the company's shareholders' meeting, board of directors or board of supervisors votes on the dismissal of an accounting firm, the accounting firm shall be allowed to state its opinions.

 

Article 216 The company shall provide true and complete accounting vouchers, accounting books, financial accounting reports and other accounting materials to the accounting firm hired, and shall not refuse, conceal or make false statements.

 

Article 217 In addition to the statutory accounting books, the company shall not establish any other accounting books.

 

Company funds may not be opened in an account in the name of any individual.

 

Chapter 11 Company Merger, Split, Capital Increase, Capital Reduction

 

Article 218: Company mergers may take the form of mergers by absorption or mergers by new establishment.

 

When a company absorbs other companies, it is called a merger, and the absorbed company is dissolved. The merger of two or more companies to establish a new company is a new merger, and the merging parties are dissolved.

 

Article 219: When a company merges with a company that holds more than 90% of its shares, the merged company does not need to pass a shareholders' meeting resolution, but it must notify other shareholders, who have the right to request the company to acquire them at a reasonable price. Equity or shares.

 

If the price paid for a company's merger does not exceed 10% of the company's net assets, it can be done without a resolution of the shareholders' meeting; however, unless otherwise provided in the company's articles of association.

 

If a company merges in accordance with the provisions of the preceding two paragraphs without a resolution of the shareholders' meeting, it shall be subject to a resolution of the board of directors.

 

Article 220: When a company merges, the parties to the merger shall sign a merger agreement and prepare a balance sheet and property list. The company shall notify its creditors within ten days from the date of making the merger resolution, and shall make an announcement in a newspaper or the national enterprise credit information publicity system within thirty days. Creditors may require the company to pay off debts or provide corresponding guarantees within thirty days from the date of receipt of the notice, or within forty-five days from the date of announcement if no notice is received.

 

Article 221 When a company merges, the claims and debts of the merging parties shall be inherited by the surviving company or the newly established company after the merger.

 

Article 222 When a company is divided, its property shall be divided accordingly.

 

When a company is divided, a balance sheet and property list must be prepared. The company shall notify its creditors within ten days from the date of making the separation resolution, and shall make an announcement in a newspaper or the national enterprise credit information publicity system within thirty days.

 

Article 223 The debts incurred before the division of the company shall be jointly and severally borne by the company after the division. However, this shall not be the case unless otherwise agreed upon in a written agreement between the company and its creditors regarding debt settlement before the division.

 

Article 224 When a company reduces its registered capital, it shall prepare a balance sheet and property list.

 

The company shall notify creditors within ten days from the date when the shareholders' meeting makes a resolution to reduce the registered capital, and shall make an announcement in a newspaper or the national enterprise credit information publicity system within thirty days. Creditors have the right to require the company to pay off debts or provide corresponding guarantees within thirty days from the date of receipt of the notice, or within forty-five days from the date of announcement if no notice is received.

 

When a company reduces its registered capital, it shall reduce its capital contribution or shares accordingly in proportion to the capital contribution or shares held by the shareholders, unless otherwise provided by law, otherwise agreed upon by all shareholders of a limited liability company, or otherwise stipulated in the articles of association of a joint stock company.

 

Article 225 If a company still has losses after making up for its losses in accordance with the provisions of Paragraph 2 of Article 214 of this Law, it may reduce its registered capital to make up for the losses. If the registered capital is reduced to make up for losses, the company shall not distribute to shareholders, nor may it exempt shareholders from their obligation to pay capital contributions or share payments.

 

If the registered capital is reduced in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the provisions of paragraph 2 of the preceding article shall not apply, but an announcement shall be made in a newspaper or the national enterprise credit information publicity system within thirty days from the date when the shareholders' meeting makes a resolution to reduce the registered capital.

 

After the company reduces its registered capital in accordance with the provisions of the preceding two paragraphs, it shall not distribute profits until the cumulative amount of the statutory reserve fund and discretionary reserve fund reaches 50% of the company's registered capital.

 

Article 226 If the registered capital is reduced in violation of the provisions of this Law, the shareholder shall return the funds received, and the capital contribution of the shareholder who is reduced or reduced shall be restored to its original state; if losses are caused to the company, the shareholder and the responsible directors, supervisors, senior Managers should bear liability for compensation.

 

Article 227 When a limited liability company increases its registered capital, shareholders, under the same conditions, have the right to give priority to subscribe for capital in proportion to the actual capital contribution. However, this is excepted if all shareholders agree not to give priority to subscribe for capital in proportion to their capital contribution.

 

When a joint-stock company issues new shares to increase its registered capital, shareholders do not have preemptive subscription rights, unless otherwise provided in the company's articles of association or the shareholders' meeting decides that shareholders have preemptive subscription rights.

 

Article 228 When a limited liability company increases its registered capital, the capital contributions subscribed by shareholders for the additional capital shall be made in accordance with the relevant provisions of this Law on capital contributions for the establishment of a limited liability company.

 

When a joint-stock company issues new shares to increase its registered capital, shareholders shall subscribe for new shares in accordance with the relevant provisions of this Law on the payment of share capital for the establishment of a joint-stock company.

 

Chapter 12 Company Dissolution and Liquidation

 

Article 229 The company is dissolved due to the following reasons:

 

(1) The business period stipulated in the company's articles of association expires or other reasons for dissolution stipulated in the company's articles of association occur;

 

(2) The shareholders’ meeting resolves to dissolve;

 

(3) Dissolution is required due to company merger or division;

 

(4) The business license has been revoked, ordered to close, or revoked in accordance with the law;

 

(5) The People's Court shall be dissolved in accordance with the provisions of Article 231 of this Law.

 

If a company encounters the reasons for dissolution specified in the preceding paragraph, it shall publicize the reasons for dissolution through the national enterprise credit information publicity system within ten days.

 

Article 230 If a company falls under the circumstances of Item 1 or 2 of Paragraph 1 of the preceding Article and has not yet distributed property to its shareholders, it may continue to exist by amending its articles of association or by resolution of the shareholders' meeting.

 

To amend the company's articles of association or pass a resolution of the shareholders' meeting in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph, a limited liability company must be approved by shareholders holding more than two-thirds of the voting rights, and a joint-stock company must be approved by shareholders holding more than two-thirds of the voting rights present at the shareholders' meeting. .

 

Article 231: If a company encounters serious difficulties in its operation and management, and its continued existence will cause heavy losses to the interests of shareholders, and cannot be solved through other means, shareholders holding more than 10% of the company's voting rights may request the People's Court to dissolve the company.

 

Article 232 If a company is dissolved due to the provisions of Item 1, Item 2, Item 4 or Item 5 of Paragraph 1 of Article 229 of this Law, it shall be liquidated. Directors are the liquidation obligors of the company and shall form a liquidation team to carry out liquidation within 15 days from the date of occurrence of the reasons for dissolution.

 

The liquidation committee shall be composed of directors, unless otherwise stipulated in the company's articles of association or the shareholders' meeting decides to elect another person.

 

If the liquidation obligor fails to perform liquidation obligations in a timely manner and causes losses to the company or creditors, he shall be liable for compensation.

 

Article 233 The company shall be liquidated in accordance with the provisions of paragraph 1 of the preceding article. If the company fails to establish a liquidation team for liquidation within the time limit or fails to liquidate after establishing a liquidation team, interested parties may apply to the people's court to designate relevant personnel to form a liquidation team for liquidation. The People's Court shall accept the application and organize a liquidation team to conduct liquidation in a timely manner.

 

If a company is dissolved due to the provisions of Article 229, Paragraph 1, Item 4 of this Law, the department or company registration authority that made the decision to revoke its business license, order closure or revocation may apply to the People's Court to designate relevant personnel to form a liquidation team. Make a liquidation.

 

Article 234 The liquidation committee shall exercise the following powers during the liquidation period:

 

(1) Clean up the company’s properties and prepare a balance sheet and property list respectively;

 

(2) Notify and announce creditors;

 

(3) Handle the company’s unfinished business related to liquidation;

 

(4) Pay the taxes owed and the taxes incurred during the liquidation process;

 

(5) Clearing claims and debts;

 

(6) Distribute the company’s remaining property after paying off its debts;

 

(7) Participate in civil litigation activities on behalf of the company.

 

Article 235 The liquidation team shall notify creditors within ten days from the date of its establishment, and shall make an announcement in a newspaper or the national enterprise credit information publicity system within sixty days. Creditors shall declare their claims to the liquidation committee within thirty days from the date of receipt of the notice, or within forty-five days from the date of announcement if no notice is received.

 

When a creditor declares a creditor's right, he shall explain the relevant matters of the creditor's right and provide supporting materials. The liquidation team shall register the claims.

 

During the period of reporting claims, the liquidation team shall not pay off creditors.

 

Article 236 After clearing the company's assets and preparing a balance sheet and property list, the liquidation team shall formulate a liquidation plan and submit it to the shareholders' meeting or the people's court for confirmation.

 

The company's property is the remaining property after paying liquidation expenses, employees' wages, social insurance fees and statutory compensation, paying taxes owed, and paying off the company's debts. The remaining property of a limited liability company will be distributed according to the proportion of shareholders' capital contributions, and that of a joint-stock company will be distributed according to the proportion of shareholders' capital contributions. Some shares are allocated proportionally.

 

During the liquidation period, the company continues to exist, but it is not allowed to carry out business activities unrelated to the liquidation. The company's property shall not be distributed to shareholders before it is paid off in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph.

 

Article 237 If the liquidation team finds that the company's assets are insufficient to pay off its debts after cleaning up the company's assets and preparing a balance sheet and property list, it shall apply to the People's Court for bankruptcy liquidation in accordance with the law.

 

After the People's Court accepts the bankruptcy application, the liquidation team shall hand over the liquidation affairs to the bankruptcy administrator designated by the People's Court.

 

Article 238 Members of the liquidation team shall perform their liquidation duties and shall have the duty of loyalty and diligence.

 

If members of the liquidation team neglect to perform their liquidation duties and cause losses to the company, they shall be liable for compensation; if members of the liquidation team cause losses to creditors intentionally or due to gross negligence, they shall be liable for compensation.

 

Article 239 After the company's liquidation is completed, the liquidation team shall prepare a liquidation report, submit it to the shareholders' meeting or the people's court for confirmation, and submit it to the company registration authority to apply for cancellation of company registration.

 

Article 240 If a company has not incurred debts during its existence, or has paid off all debts, the company registration may be canceled through simple procedures in accordance with regulations upon the commitment of all shareholders.

 

Cancellation of company registration through simplified procedures shall be announced through the National Enterprise Credit Information Publicity System, and the announcement period shall be no less than 20 days. After the expiration of the announcement period, if there is no objection, the company may apply to the company registration authority for cancellation of company registration within 20 days.

 

If a company cancels company registration through a simplified procedure, and shareholders make false promises as stipulated in paragraph 1 of this article, they shall bear joint and several liability for the debts incurred before cancellation of registration.

 

Article 241: If a company has its business license revoked, ordered to close down, or revoked, and fails to apply to the company registration authority for cancellation of company registration after three years, the company registration authority may make an announcement through the National Enterprise Credit Information Publicity System. The announcement period shall not exceed Less than sixty days. After the expiration of the announcement period, if there is no objection, the company registration authority may cancel the company registration.

 

If the company registration is canceled in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the responsibilities of the original company shareholders and liquidation obligors will not be affected.

 

Article 242 If a company is declared bankrupt in accordance with the law, bankruptcy liquidation shall be implemented in accordance with the laws on enterprise bankruptcy.

 

Chapter 13 Branches of Foreign Companies

 

Article 243 The term "foreign company" as mentioned in this Law refers to a company established outside the territory of the People's Republic of China in accordance with foreign laws.

 

Article 244 When a foreign company establishes a branch within the territory of the People's Republic of China, it shall apply to the Chinese competent authority and submit its articles of association, company registration certificate of the country of origin and other relevant documents. After approval, it shall submit an application to the company registration authority. Register in accordance with the law and obtain a business license.

 

The examination and approval procedures for branches of foreign companies shall be separately prescribed by the State Council.

 

Article 245 When a foreign company establishes a branch within the territory of the People's Republic of China, it shall designate a representative or agent in charge of the branch within the territory of the People's Republic of China, and allocate funds to the branch that are appropriate for the business activities it engages in. funds.

 

If a minimum amount of operating funds is required for branches of foreign companies, it shall be separately prescribed by the State Council.

 

Article 246 A branch of a foreign company shall indicate the nationality and form of responsibility of the foreign company in its name.

 

A branch of a foreign company shall prepare the articles of association of the foreign company in its own institution.

 

Article 247 Branches established by foreign companies within the territory of the People's Republic of China do not have Chinese legal person status.

 

Foreign companies bear civil liability for the business activities of their branches within the territory of the People's Republic of China.

 

Article 248 Approved branches of foreign companies engaged in business activities within the territory of the People's Republic of China shall abide by Chinese laws and shall not harm China's social and public interests. Their legitimate rights and interests shall be protected by Chinese laws.

 

Article 249 When a foreign company cancels its branch within the territory of the People's Republic of China, it shall pay off its debts in accordance with the law and conduct liquidation in accordance with the provisions of this Law on company liquidation procedures. The property of its branches shall not be transferred outside the territory of the People's Republic of China before its debts are paid off.

 

Chapter 14 Legal Liability

 

Article 250: Anyone who violates the provisions of this Law by falsely reporting registered capital, submitting false materials, or using other fraudulent means to conceal important facts to obtain company registration shall be ordered by the company registration authority to make corrections. Companies that falsely report registered capital shall be fined for falsely reporting the amount of registered capital. A fine of not less than 5% but not more than 15% shall be imposed; companies that submit false materials or use other fraudulent means to conceal important facts shall be fined not less than 50,000 yuan but not more than 2 million yuan; if the circumstances are serious, the business license shall be revoked; The directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall be fined not less than RMB 30,000 but not more than RMB 300,000.

 

Article 251 If a company fails to disclose relevant information in accordance with the provisions of Article 40 of this Law or fails to disclose relevant information truthfully, the company registration authority shall order it to make corrections and may impose a fine of not less than 10,000 yuan but not more than 50,000 yuan. If the circumstances are serious, a fine of not less than 50,000 yuan but not more than 200,000 yuan shall be imposed; the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall be fined not less than 10,000 yuan but not more than 100,000 yuan.

 

Article 252 If a company's promoters or shareholders make false capital contributions and fail to deliver or fail to deliver the monetary or non-monetary property as capital contributions on time, the company registration authority shall order them to make corrections and may impose a fine of not less than 50,000 yuan but not more than 200,000 yuan. If the circumstances are serious, a fine of not less than 5% and not more than 15% of the amount of false capital contribution or failure to contribute shall be imposed; the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall be fined not less than RMB 10,000 but not more than RMB 100,000. .

 

Article 253 If a company's promoters or shareholders evade their capital contributions after the company is established, the company registration authority shall order them to make corrections and impose a fine of not less than 5% but not more than 15% of the amount of the capital evaded; The directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall be fined not less than 30,000 yuan but not more than 300,000 yuan.

 

Article 254 Anyone who commits any of the following acts shall be punished by the financial department of the people's government at or above the county level in accordance with the provisions of the Accounting Law of the People's Republic of China and other laws and administrative regulations:

 

(1) Establish separate accounting books in addition to the statutory accounting books;

 

(2) Providing financial accounting reports that contain false records or conceal important facts.

 

Article 255 If a company fails to notify or announce its creditors in accordance with the provisions of this Law when merging, dividing, reducing registered capital, or conducting liquidation, the company registration authority shall order it to make corrections and impose a fine of not less than RMB 10,000 but not more than RMB 100,000 on the company. fine.

 

Article 256 If a company conceals its property during liquidation, makes false records on the balance sheet or property list, or distributes the company's property before paying off its debts, the company registration authority shall order it to make corrections and impose a penalty for concealing property on the company. Or a fine of not less than 5% but not more than 10% of the amount of the company's property distributed before repaying the debt; the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall be fined not less than RMB 10,000 but not more than RMB 100,000.

 

Article 257 If an institution responsible for asset appraisal, capital verification or verification provides false materials or reports with major omissions, the relevant departments shall, in accordance with the Asset Appraisal Law of the People's Republic of China, the Certified Public Accountants Law of the People's Republic of China, etc. Penalties stipulated in laws and administrative regulations.

 

If an institution responsible for asset appraisal, capital verification or verification issues untrue appraisal results, capital verification or verification certificates and causes losses to the company's creditors, unless it can prove that it is not at fault, the amount shall be within the amount of the untrue assessment or verification. Liability.

 

Article 258 If the company registration authority violates the provisions of laws and administrative regulations and fails to perform its duties or performs its duties improperly, the responsible leaders and directly responsible personnel shall be given governmental sanctions in accordance with the law.

 

Article 259: Failure to register as a limited liability company or a joint-stock company in accordance with the law, but falsely using the name of a limited liability company or a joint-stock company, or failing to register as a branch of a limited liability company or a joint-stock company in accordance with the law, falsely using the name If the company uses the name of a limited liability company or a branch of a joint stock company, the company registration authority shall order it to make corrections or ban it, and may also impose a fine of not more than 100,000 yuan.

 

Article 260 If a company fails to open business for more than six months without justifiable reasons after its establishment, or if it voluntarily ceases business for more than six consecutive months after opening, the company registration authority may revoke its business license, except where the company has gone out of business in accordance with the law.

 

When a company's registered items are changed and the relevant change registration is not carried out in accordance with the provisions of this Law, the company registration authority shall order the company to register within a time limit; if the company fails to register within the time limit, a fine of not less than RMB 10,000 but not more than RMB 100,000 shall be imposed.

 

Article 261 If a foreign company violates the provisions of this Law and establishes a branch within the territory of the People's Republic of China without authorization, the company registration authority shall order it to make corrections or close it down, and may also impose a fine of not less than RMB 50,000 but not more than RMB 200,000.

 

Article 262 Anyone who uses the name of the company to engage in serious illegal activities that endanger national security or social and public interests will have his business license revoked.

 

Article 263 If ​​a company violates the provisions of this Law and should bear civil liability for compensation and pay fines and fines, and if its property is insufficient to pay, it shall first bear civil liability for compensation.

 

Article 264 Anyone who violates the provisions of this law and constitutes a crime shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the law.

 

Chapter 15 Supplementary Provisions

 

Article 265 The meanings of the following terms in this Law:

 

(1) Senior managers refer to the company’s manager, deputy manager, financial controller, secretary to the board of directors of a listed company and other personnel specified in the company’s articles of association.

 

(2) Controlling shareholder refers to a shareholder whose capital contribution accounts for more than 50% of the total capital of a limited liability company or whose shares account for more than 50% of the total capital of a joint-stock company; the amount of capital contribution or shares held Although the proportion is less than 50%, the voting rights enjoyed by them based on their capital contribution or shares held are sufficient to have a significant impact on the resolutions of the shareholders' meeting.

 

(3) Actual controller refers to the person who can actually control the company's behavior through investment relationships, agreements or other arrangements.

 

(4) Related relationships refer to the relationships between the company’s controlling shareholders, actual controllers, directors, supervisors, and senior managers and the companies they directly or indirectly control, as well as other relationships that may lead to the transfer of the company’s interests. However, state-controlled enterprises are related not only because they are also controlled by the state.

 

Article 266 This law shall come into effect on July 1, 2024.

 

For a company that has been registered and established before the implementation of this law, if the capital contribution period exceeds the period stipulated in this law, unless otherwise provided by laws, administrative regulations or the State Council, it shall be gradually adjusted to within the period stipulated in this law; for companies with obvious investment period and capital contribution amount, If there is an abnormality, the company registration authority may require it to make timely adjustments in accordance with the law. Specific implementation measures shall be stipulated by the State Council.